One issue that arises in relation to the use of three-dimensional audio displays as a means of conveying spatial information to human operators concerns the ability of operators to track the locations of multiple sounds. We have examined the effect of varying the gap between a target and five distracter sounds on the accuracy with which the target sound can be localised under conditions in whic...

There has been much recent work on the use of abstraction to improve planning behavior and cost. Another technique for dealing with the inherently explosive cost of planning is localization. This paper compares the relative strengths of localization and abstraction in reducing planning search cost. In particular, localization is shown to subsume abstraction. Localization techniques can model th...

Given a cohomological functor from a triangulated category to an abelian category, we construct under appropriate assumptions for any localization functor of the abelian category a lift to a localization functor of the triangulated category. This discussion of Bousfield localization is combined with a basic introduction to the concept of localization for arbitrary categories.

background : sentinel lymph node biopsy is a technique used to identify the axillary node most likely to contain tumor cells that have metastasized from a primary carcinoma of the breast. this technique provides accurate staging with fewer complications than axillary dissection and may result in decreased costs. we designed the present study to determine the accuracy and success rate of a combi...

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), localization algorithms could be range-based or range-free. The Approximate Point in Triangle (APIT) is a range-free approach. We propose modification of the APIT algorithm and refer as modified-APIT. We select suitable triangles with appropriate distance between anchors to reduce PIT test errors (edge effect and non-uniform placement of neighbours) in APIT a...

Efficiency and effectiveness is of importance for selection and localization. There should be regular methodology for targeting in the market by several methods. There is a necessity to have clear study for selection. In the current research, it has been studied the optimal localization at shopping centers. If there is not accuracy and validity, there will be achieved negative results for these...

We give conditions on a monoidal model category M and on a set of maps C so that the Bousfield localization of M with respect to C preserves the structure of algebras over various operads. This problem was motivated by an example due to Mike Hill which demonstrates that for the model category of equivariant spectra, preservation does not come for free, even for cofibrant operads. We discuss thi...

surgical procedure for removal of impacted teeth is a challenge for clinicians as it involves accuracy in the diagnosis and localization of the dental elements. the cone-beam computed tomography (cbct), compared to the conventional radiography, has a greater potential to provide complementary information because of its three-dimensional (3d) images, reducing the possibility of failures in surgi...

background although neuregulin-1 （nrg1）and its receptors have been indicated at the mrna level in partial human endocrine organs and its functional roles have been evaluated in vitro, their morphological distribution in higher animals are not fully studied. the present research focused on expression of nrg1 and its main receptors erbb2 and erbb4 in main endocrine organs of the rhesus monkey. ma...