regarding the recent development in lng production and transportation, lng exports would exhibit a pivotal role in the future of global gas trade. by analyzing the geographical pattern of the world lng trade and the structure of its transportation costs, the lng cost matrix for forum's exporters to main lng importers is presented. using this matrix, the cooperation amongst the forum's...

OBJECTIVES To calculate the cost of an unintended pregnancy in 2011 and use this cost in a cost-effectiveness model comparing ulipristal acetate (UPA) with levonorgestrel (LNG) for emergency hormonal contraception (EHC). DESIGN Retrospective analysis of published data sources and published cost-effectiveness model. SETTING Women presenting in primary care in England for EHC within 24 or 72 ...

To identify novel factors or mechanisms that are important for the resistance of tissues to chemical toxicity, we have determined the mechanisms underlying the previously observed increases in resistance to acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity in the lateral nasal gland (LNG) of the male Cyp2g1-null/Cyp2a5-low mouse. Initial studies established that Cyp2a5-null mice, but not a newly generated strain o...

OBJECTIVE To compare hysterectomy and levonorgestrel intra-uterine system (LNG-IUS) for the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and iron deficiency anemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective study evaluating quality of life, sexual function, satisfaction and blood hemoglobin concentration improvement in 60 pre-menopausal women treated with hysterectomy or LNG-IUS. All analysis was pe...

(EH) is a common disease affecting women of all ages [1]. It is clinically important because it can cause abnormal uterine bleeding, and can precede, or occur concurrently, with endometrial carcinoma. There are many progestin therapy regimens available for treatment of EH. The main progestational agents are oral pro-gestogens such as norethisterone acetate, megestrol acetate, and medroxyprogest...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to provide additional data on the experience with frameless copper and levonorgestrel (LNG) intrauterine devices (IUDs) in nulliparous and adolescent women. METHODS Nulliparous and adolescent women, 25 years of age or younger, using the frameless copper IUD or the frameless LNG-releasing intrauterine system (IUS), were selected from previous studies an...

BACKGROUND The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) is an effective contraceptive and has many non-contraceptive health benefits. However, it is commonly associated with irregular endometrial bleeding. Metalloproteinases contribute to extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling and regulate bleeding during the menstrual cycle. Enhanced metalloproteinase expression participates in t...

At present, throughout the world LNG investments are abounding. In particular, the US and the EU are trying to facilitate their security of natural gas supply. For this reason, LNG enables importers to extend their gas suppliers’ portfolio, considering that some producing countries can be reached only via sea transport. LNG will thus increase importers’ choice; at the same time it can widen the...

OBJECTIVES The UK Faculty of Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare (FSRH) has recommended that for emergency contraception (EC) the health professional should discuss individual needs and inform women of the different methods, efficacy, adverse effects, interactions, eligibility and additional contraception. In our sexual and reproductive health care service (Liverpool and Knowsley, UK), revised gui...

BACKGROUND Consecutive use of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) is increasing. However, little is known about factors that predict the bleeding during consecutive use. The objective of this study was to analyse the possible factors which may predict the bleeding pattern during the first year of use of a second LNG-IUS. METHODS Fertile-aged women (n = 204) who had used...