Antisense oligonucleotide (AON) therapeutics offer new avenues to pursue clinically relevant targets inaccessible with other technologies. Advances in improving AON affinity and stability by incorporation of high affinity nucleotides, such as locked nucleic acids (LNA), have sometimes been stifled by safety liabilities related to their accumulation in the kidney tubule. In an attempt to predict...

The LNA is implemented using 90nm CMOS technology. The cascode topology with single-ended source degeneration using inductor is employed. The high gain is achieved by using common-source (CS) amplifier. A different input matching as well as output matching topology may improve the efficiency and minimize noise of the LNA. An inductance network (Lg, Ls) is used for input matching. An interstage ...

LNA and nucleobase-modified DNA monomers are two types of building blocks that are used extensively in oligonucleotide chemistry. However, there are only very few reports in which these two monomer families are used alongside each other. In the present study we set out to characterize the biophysical properties of oligodeoxyribonucleotides in which C5-modified 2'-deoxyuridine or C8-modified 2'-...

Currently, there are two demands in RF front-end design such as multi-standard application and low power consumption. However, it is difficult to satisfy these demands simultaneously. Therefore, two design techniques are explained in this paper, respectively. In this paper, two RF circuits, a variable gain LNA and low power folded RF frontend, are designed. At first, a variable gain LNA (VG-LNA...

This paper presents a compact two-stage ultrawideband low-noise amplifier (LNA). A common-gate topology is adopted for the input stage to achieve wideband input matching, while a cascode stage is used as the second stage to provide power gain at high frequencies. A low power consumption and a small chip area are obtained by optimizing the performance of the LNA with tight constraint on biasing ...

This paper presents a 5.8 GHz fully integrated CMOS low noise amplifier (LNA) with on chip spiral inductors for wireless applications. Simulation results show that the noise figure (NF) of the proposed LNA at 5.8 GHz central frequency is only 0.972 dB, which is perfectly close to NFmin while maintaining the other performances. The LNA also has a power consumption of 6.4 mW, a gain of 17.04 dB, ...

Cellular base stations (BTS) and microwave relays have detached LNA stages located up in the aerial tower in order to mitigate NF degradation from pre-LNA cable loss. In the BTS architecture, the LNA stage is preceded by a transmit-receive (Tx-Rx) diplexer for duplexing a common aerial and by an interference fi lter for preventing out-ofband blocking or desensitization. However, both duplexer a...

Alternative wide band Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA) topologies to be used for highly integrated CMOS transceivers are investigated. A methodology that systematically generates all the LNA topology options with 2 Voltage Controlled Current Sources (VCCS) is presented. Next to wellknown circuits such as the common gate stage and shunt series feedback common source stage, 2 alternative LNA topology ar...

A 1.227 GHz low power single-ended input, differential output low noise amplifier (balun LNA) for GPS is proposed. A two stage structure with current-reused technique is adopted to achieve low power, low noise factor and high voltage gain simultaneously. The LNA is fabricated in 0.18 mm CMOS process, consuming only 2 mA current from a 1.8 V supply. The LNA is measured to exhibit a differential ...

The simultaneous extraction of plant organelle (mitochondria and plastid) genes during the DNA extraction step is a major limitation in investigating the community structures of bacteria associated with plants because organelle SSU rRNA genes are easily amplified by PCR using primer sets that are specific to bacteria. To inhibit the amplification of organelle genes, the locked nucleic acid (LNA...