We investigated the oxidative phosphorylation efficiency of liver and gastrocnemius muscle mitochondria in thermoneutral and cold-acclimated ducklings. The yield of oxidative phosphorylation was lower in muscle than in liver mitochondria, a difference that was associated with a higher proton conductance in muscle mitochondria. Cold exposure did not affect oxidative phosphorylation efficiency or...

Malonyl-CoA significantly increased the Km for L-carnitine of overt carnitine palmitoyltransferase in liver mitochondria from fed rats. This effect was observed when the molar palmitoyl-CoA/albumin concentration ratio was low (0.125-1.0), but not when it was higher (2.0). In the absence of malonyl-CoA, the Km for L-carnitine increased with increasing palmitoyl-CoA/albumin ratios. Malonyl-CoA di...

Liver mitochondria undergo dynamic alterations following chronic alcohol feeding to mice. Intragastric alcohol feeding to mice resulted in 1) increased state III respiration (109% compared with control) in isolated liver mitochondria, probably due to increased levels of complexes I, IV, and V being incorporated into the respiratory chain; 2) increased mitochondrial NAD(+) and NADH levels (∼2-fo...

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major and common mechanism in developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Replacement of dysfunctional mitochondria by functional exogenous mitochondria may attenuate intrahepatic excessive lipid and recover hepatocyte function. However, no data shows that mitochondria can be systemically administrated to animals to date. Here we suggest that mitochondri...

SUMMARY The concanavalin A (con A)-binding capacity of mito chondria isolated by sucrose density gradient methods from host livers, from Morris hepatomas 7800 and 7777, and from mouse myeloma MOPC-46 were compared. con A binding to the various mitochondrial preparations was quantitated using an isotopic assay procedure in which con A-acetyl-3H is used and by a spectrophotometric ag glutination ...

1. The specific activity of monoamine oxidase was found to be greater in liver mitochondria from ob/ob mice than from lean mice. The activities of marker enzymes were similar in both tissues. 2. Experiments with various substrates (5-hydroxytryptamine, benzylamine and tyramine) and inhibitors (clorgyline and deprenyl) indicated that, unlike rat liver mitochondria, mouse liver mitochondria conta...

1. 2-Methyl[1-(14)C]octanoic acid was synthesized from 2-bromo-octane and (14)CO(2). 2. 2-Methyl[1-(14)C]octanoic acid was readily oxidized to propionic acid and carbon dioxide by mitochondrial preparations from liver, less readily oxidized by adrenal and kidney (mitochondria), and only poorly oxidized by heart, spleen and brown fat (mitochondria). 3. 3beta-Hydroxy[26-(14)C]cholest-5-en-26-oic ...

N-acetylneuraminic acid at the surfaces of rat cerebral cortex and liver mitochondria and derived mitoplasts (inner membrane plus matrix particles) was studied biochemically and electrokinetically. Rat cerebral cortex mitochondria in 0.0145 M NaCl, 4.5% sorbitol, pH 7.2 +/- 0.1, 0.6 mM NaHCO(3), had an electrophoretic mobility of - 2.88 +/- 0.01 micro/sec per v per cm. In the same solution the ...

Under appropriate conditions, mitochondria from red and white skeletal muscle of rabbit and from heart and liver of rat respired as rapidly with palmitoyl-coenzyme A plus carnitine as with palmitoyl carnitine. The ability of heart and skeletal muscle mitochondria to oxidize palmitoyl groups is limited by the acetyl-CoA-producing capacity of the 0 oxidation cycle rather than through a limitation...

N-acetylneuraminic acid at the surfaces of rat cerebral cortex and liver mitochondria and derived mitoplasts (inner membrane plus matrix particles) was studied biochemically and electrokinetically . Rat cerebral cortex mitochondria in 0 .0145 M NaCl, 4.5 % sorbitol, pH 7.2 t 0.1, 0 .6 mm NaHCO3, had an electrophoretic mobility of 2.88 f 0.01 u/sec per v per cm. In the same solution the electrop...