OBJECTIVE Live vaccines are generally contraindicated in patients with DiGeorge syndrome (DGS), a congenital disorder characterized by cellular immune deficiency. Vaccine utilization and safety in this population are not well described. This study examined vaccination patterns and adverse events following live immunization (AEFLI) in these individuals. METHODS A multicenter retrospective coho...

The live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is preferentially recommended for use in most children yet remains unsafe for the groups most at risk. Here we have improved the safety of a mouse-adapted live attenuated influenza vaccine containing the same attenuating amino acid mutations as in human LAIV by adding an additional mutation at PB1 residue 319. This results in a vaccine with a 20-fold...

Despite intense efforts there is no safe and efficacious vaccine against visceral leishmaniasis, which is fatal and endemic in many tropical countries. A major shortcoming in the vaccine development against blood-borne parasitic agents such as Leishmania is the inadequate predictive power of the early immune responses mounted in the host against the experimental vaccines. Often immune correlate...

BACKGROUND The labile nature of live, attenuated varicella-zoster virus (Oka/Merck) requires robust stabilization during virus bulk preparation and vaccine manufacturing in order to preserve potency through storage and administration. One stabilizing ingredient used in a varicella-zoster virus (VZV) vaccine is hydrolyzed porcine gelatin which represents the major protein/peptide-based excipient...

background: the control of coccidiosis in poultry industryis dominated by prophylactic chemotherapy; however,drug resistance is a serious problem. alternative control methodssuch as vaccination have been accepted as a practical method forcontrolling coccidiosis in chickens. considering the immunologicalvariation of eimeria strains, the efficacy of live coccidiosisvaccines may be compromised. ob...

Background and Aims: The safe, potent and effective live vaccines against Measles, Mumps and Rubella as important childhood diseases have been available for several decades. Several factors can affect the thermal stability of lyophilized vaccine. Methods: In this study, the effect of residual moisture on thermal stability of 61 batches of MMR vaccine was investigated using an accelerated ...

In an attempt to eliminate Japanese encephalitis virus in natural surroundings, pigs having maternal antibody were given inoculation of live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine and injection of Freund’s complete adjuvant simultaneously. Titer of hemoagglutination inhibiting antibodies of pigs inoculated with live attenuated vaccine and complete adjuvant, was higher than that inoculated wit...

In a double-blind, randomized trial, 102 healthy elderly subjects were inoculated with one of four preparations: (i) intranasal bivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine containing cold-adapted A/Kawasaki/86 (H1N1) and cold-adapted A/Bethesda/85 (H3N2) viruses; (ii) parenteral trivalent inactivated subvirion vaccine containing A/Taiwan/86 (H1N1), A/Leningrad/86 (H3N2), and B/Ann Arbor/86 antig...