OBJECTIVE Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have higher rates of comorbid psychiatric disorders, including mood disorders, than the general child population. Although children with ASD may experience irritability (aggression, self-injury, and tantrums), a portion also experience symptoms that are typical of a mood disorder, such as euphoria/elevated mood, mania, hypersexuality, paran...

A ntiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have been widely used by psychiatrists to treat disorders other than epilepsy for two decades. Here I survey those uses and selectively review the side effects of AEDs in the psychiatric context. AEDs are now so widely used for nonepileptic indications that the appellation ‘‘anti-epileptic drug’’ may verge on mislabelling (to paraphrase David Healy’s comment about se...

PURPOSE The circadian rhythm hypothesis of bipolar disorder (BD) suggests a role for melatonin in regulating mood, thus extending the interest toward the melatonergic antidepressant agomelatine as well as type I (acute) or II cases of bipolar depression. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-eight depressed BD-II patients received open label agomelatine (25 mg/bedtime) for 6 consecutive weeks as an adj...

The lithium-pilocarpine model reproduces the main characteristics of human temporal lobe epilepsy. After status epilepticus (SE), rats exhibit a latent seizure-free phase characterized by development of extensive damage in limbic areas and occurrence of spontaneous recurrent seizures. Neuroprotective and antiepileptogenic effects of topiramate were investigated in this model. SE was induced in ...

This paper is a systematic review of the treatment bipolar disorder: Google Scholar search aimed at guidelines and clinical trials. The for returned 375 papers was last performed from June 1, 2022 to August 30, 2022. literature suggests that lithium helps control alleviate severe mood episodes, olanzapine effective acute manic or mixed episodes I disorder. Achieving effectiveness remission bett...

Treatment-emergent mania has been reported with various selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (Diler and Avci, 1999; Grubbs, 1997). We report four cases of citalopram-induced mania in children. Case 1. A 6-year-old boy with a family history of obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD) was diagnosed with severe depression without psychotic symptoms. He developed mania without psychotic sympto...

Bipolar disorder is a chronic disease characterized by recurring episodes of mania and depression that can lead to disability. This study investigates the protective effects of edaravone (3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one), a drug with well-known antioxidant properties, in a model of mania induced by ketamine in rats. Locomotor activity was assessed in the open-field test. Superoxide dismutas...

A young male with bipolar affective disorder, mania with psychotic features was started on lithium therapy. Four days later, he developed an irregular pulse on a lithium level of 0.45 mmol/L. An ECG showed multiple unifocal ventricular ectopics. The cardiac arrhythmia disappeared when lithium was discountinued.

Background: In the treatment of bipolar disorder in youths, often more than one medication should be prescribed. In the current study, we compared the efficacy and tolerability of the combination of lithium and quetiapine with lithium and risperidone in the treatment of manic or mixed episodes in children and adolescents. Methods: Thirty patients (aged 10-18 years) who were hospitalized for ...