We present an incisive spectroscopic technique for directly probing redox orbitals based on bulk electron momentum density measurements via high-resolution x-ray Compton scattering. Application of our method to spinel Li_{x}Mn_{2}O_{4}, a lithium ion battery cathode material, is discussed. The orbital involved in the lithium insertion and extraction process is shown to mainly be the oxygen 2p o...

Accurate monitoring of the internal statuses is highly valuable for management lithium-ion battery (LIB). This article proposes a thermal-model-based method multistate joint observation, enabled by novel smart design with an embedded and distributed temperature sensor. In particular, designed implanting fiber optical sensor internally externally. promises real-time measurement LIB surface high ...

The electrochemical performance characteristics of a prismatic lithium-ion battery, ultracapacitors, and hybrid combinations at ambient temperature are considered. The effects of pulse current, duty cycle and hybrid combinations are studied. Current pulsing was shown to improved the total energy discharged from the lithium-ion battery and battery / capacitor hybrid combinations over that of a c...

Fast charging is an enabling technique for the large-scale penetration of electric vehicles. This article proposes a knowledge-based, multiphysics-constrained fast strategy lithium-ion battery (LIB), with consciousness thermal safety and degradation. A universal algorithmic framework combining model-based state observer deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based optimizer proposed, first time, to ...

A battery’s state of charge (SOC) is used to assess its residual capacity. It a very important parameter for the control electric vehicle (EV). The objective this paper estimate SOC lithium-ion battery (LIB) using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and artificial neural network (ANN) because must be estimated from measurable parameters such as current, voltage or temperature. Two ...

This paper proposes a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) self-heating method, in which EVs can be operated independently of external power source at low temperature, with a lithium-ion battery (LIB) pack discharging electricity to provide PTC material with power. Three comparative heating experiments have been carried out respectively. With charge/discharge tests implemented, results demons...

The realistic three dimensional (3D) microstructure of lithium ion battery (LIB) electrode plays a key role in studying the effects of inhomogeneous microstructures on the performance of LIBs. However, the complexity of realistic microstructures imposes a significant computational cost on numerical simulation of large size samples. In this work, we used tomographic data obtained for a commercia...

The Peukert relationship was originally introduced in 1897 for lead-acid batteries and defines one of the most common parameters for battery performance evaluation. This article assesses its application for lithium-ion batteries. From the performed analysis, we can conclude that the Peukert relationship is suitable in a narrow working range such as limited current range and almost constant work...

Accurate prediction of the remaining useful life (RUL) of lithium-ion batteries is important for battery management systems. Traditional empirical data-driven approaches for RUL prediction usually require multidimensional physical characteristics including the current, voltage, usage duration, battery temperature, and ambient temperature. From a capacity fading analysis of lithium-ion batteries...

The lithium-ion battery (LIB) market is growing, driven by consumer demand and the imperative to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. socio-environmental impacts of LIBs production are vast; thus, it paramount importance acquire knowledge about consequences lithium metal mining on human health, farming overall ecosystem. materials embedded in spent have high industrial value. To minimize envi...