The purpose of this paper is to studying nonlinear k-ε turbulence models and its advantages in internal combustion engines, since the standard k-ε model is incapable of representing the anisotropy of turbulence intensities and fails to express the Reynolds stresses adequately in rotating flows. Therefore, this model is not only incapable of expressing the anisotropy of turbulence in an engine c...

quality evaluation is one of the effective activities in trade, economy and the health of communities. for this purpose, non-destructive methods are increasingly used, as they are faster and more economical in comparison with destructive ones. this study investigated the feasibility of predicting firmness by laser light backscattering imaging system, as a new non-destructive method for one cult...