Light wavelengths preferentially absorbed by chlorophyll (chl) often display steep absorption gradients. This over-saturates photosynthesis in upper chloroplasts and deprives lower chloroplasts of blue and red light. Reducing chl content could create a more even leaf light distribution and thereby increase leaf light-use efficiency and overall canopy photosynthesis. This was tested on soybean c...

Green light reversal of blue light-stimulated stomatal opening was discovered in isolated stomata. The present study shows that the response also occurs in stomata from intact leaves. Arabidopsis thaliana plants were grown in a growth chamber under blue, red and green light. Removal of the green light opened the stomata and restoration of green light closed them to baseline values under experim...

Hue sensations resulting from the selective stimulation of short-wavelength-sensitive (S) and middle-wavelength-sensitive (M) cones were deduced from measurements of spectral unique green and unique blue under conditions of high or low S-cone sensitivity relative to M- and long-wavelength-sensitive-cone sensitivity. Selective reduction of S-cone stimulation shifted unique blue toward shorter wa...

A new species of cat snake, related to Boiga beddomei (Wall, 1909), is described from the dry forests of eastern Peninsular India. It occupies a large geographic range from Berhampore (type locality), near the River Mahanadi in the northeast to Kaigal near the southern Eastern Ghats in the southwest. The new species is diagnosed by having the following combination of characters: 19 dorsal scale...

Hue matching was used to obtain measures of Bezold-Brucke hue shifts with very brief flashes (17 msec) at ten wavelengths and several illuminance levels. Results were generally similar to those obtained by Purdy (1931) with uncontrolled stimulus duration. but there were also important differences. These were: the locations of invariant hues; the direction of shift for blue-green hues: and a rev...

Dogma that the regulatory T cell (Treg) prevents catastrophic autoimmunity throughout the lifespan relies on the assumption that the FoxP3 locus is transcribed exclusively in Treg. To test the assumption, we used the Rag2(-/-) and the Rag2(-/-) mice with the Scurfy (sf) mutation (FoxP3(sf/Y) or FoxP3(sf/sf)) to evaluate FoxP3 expression outside of the lymphoid system. Immunohistochemistry and r...

Hematologic diseases potentially benefiting from gene-based therapies involving hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) include hereditary hemoglobinopathies, immunodeficiency syndromes, and congenital bleeding disorders such as hemophilia A, as well as acquired diseases like AIDS. Successful treatment of these blood diseases with gene-modified HSCs requires high efficiency gene delivery to the target ...

A simple, accurate and economic spectrophotometric method for the determination of aripiprazole in tablet formulation is proposed. In the present method acidic solution of the aripiprazole formed colored ion-association complexes with bromocresol green, soluble in chloroform. Yellowish orange chromogen showed λ(max) at 414 nm and obeyed Beer's law in the concentration range of 10-60 μg/ml. Stat...

DescriptionHead (excluding chin and throat) back, scapulars, rump and upper tailcoverts olive green, brighter on rump, more yellowish on crown, chin, throat and under tail-coverts pale to bright yellow. Under parts dull white, becoming dusky brown on sides and flanks. Feathered white eye-ring broken in front of eye by black feathers of lore continues distally as black margin along bottom half o...

Lecanora muralis was found on the rock along coastal line during the field trip in Jeju island in 2006. Thallus crustose, placodioid, closely adnate, forming orbicular patches; upper surface grayish green, glossy; central lobes areolate, marginal parts plane, edges thin pruinose; lower surface ecorticate; apothecia sessile, lecanorine type, exciple dense and intact when young, and disc plane, b...