The biogeographic history of lichenized fungi remains unrevealed because those organisms rarely fossilize due to their delicate, often tiny and quickly rotting thalli. Also the ecology and factors limiting occurrence of numerous taxa, especially those restricted in their distribution to tropical areas are poorly recognized. The aim of this study was to determine localization of glacial refugia ...

Rinodina is a lichenized fungal genus belonging to the Physciaceae, with c. 300 species worldwide. Nearly century ago, Zahlbruckner described five of from Southwest China. The type collections were only records for these species. In present study, new four species: cornutula, R. globulans, handelii, and setschwana, recently species, pluriloculata, are documented based on specimens collected hol...

We report evidence for recombination in lichenized fungi based on sequenced nuclear DNA markers, judging from the incongruence of their gene genealogies. Recombining population structures were found in two phylogenetic species of Letharia, one species that is observed in nature to produce abundant sexual structures (ascomata) and another species that produces abundant clonal reproductive struct...

Lichens are a form of symbiont between a fungus and an alga or cyanobacterium, which contains a wide variety of organic compounds with certain secondary metabolite classes typical of these organisms. The Ramalina genus has approximately 246 species distributed around the World, of which in this review approximately 118 species with published chemical or biological activity studies of extracts o...