background nasal valve collapse and especially internal nasal valve insufficiency is a common cause of nasal airway obstruction. this study compares the effects of spreader graft and overlapping lateral crural technique on rhinoplasty by rhinomanometry. methods fifty patients were randomly assigned into two groups and underwent spreader graft or overlapping lateral crural technique. objective a...

background:  few clinical trials have studied the functional and cosmetic outcomes of different closure tech- niques of surgical incisions. skin wound and incision closure methods may influence the healing process and cos- metic outcome. the present study aims at comparing three different suture techniques of skin closure. methods: in a clinical trial, sixty patients with anterior cruciate liga...

the patients’ rights status is one of the essential elements in defining norms related to the concept of clinical governance system. in addition, the patients’ rights status is an important index for quality of care offered in the health care system. however, the lack of a coherent instrument makes it difficult to evaluate patients’ rights status in hospitals and clinics. the aim of this study ...

introduction: satellite cells are known as the main regenerative cell type in skeletal muscles. our study established a modified digestion and preplating method for the isolation of slow or weak adherent cells for the enrichment of satellite cells. low-survival rate of these primary stem cells prompted us to address whether cell culture medium substitution might change cell viability status. me...

abstract in the current decade the third world's countries are using of development rural tourism approach to improve indexes of development. in iran due to multiplicity of rural area using of this strategy is important. analysis the condition of host area for achieving positive tourism impacts is necessary. in this paper, the challenges and opportunities on developing rural tourism is distingu...

background leptospirosis is recognized as a re-emerging infectious disease; therefore, understanding the epidemiology of the disease is vital for designing intervention programs and diminishing its transmission. recently, multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (mlva) is used for segregating and identifying leptospira serovars. the method has potential application in investigating the...