The desire to achieve cosmetic rejuvenation and reduce effects of aging and photodamage urged scientists to develop effectual techniques which have minimal side effects and impressive long-term efficacy. Traditional ablative resurfacing laser therapy has been used for several years;however, it has harmful side effects on the patient’s skin such as dyspigmentation, persistent erythema, infection...

the use of low level laser to reduce pain, inflammation and edema, to promote wound, deeper tissues and nerves healing, and to prevent tissue damage has been known for almost forty years since the invention of lasers. this review will cover some of the proposed cellular mechanisms responsible for the effect of visible light on mammalian cells, including cytochrome c oxidase (with absorption pea...

low level laser therapy (lllt) uses a light source that generates extremely pure light, of a single wavelength1. the effect is not thermal, but rather related to photochemical reactions in the cells. lllt was introduced as an alternative non-invasive treatment for oa about 10 years ago, but its effectiveness is still controversial2. a cochrane review of lllt in osteoarthritis included five tria...

The modulation response, relative intensity noise (RIN) and frequency noise (FN) characteristics of quantum dot (QD) lasers are investigated theoretically in the presence of an external optical beam. Using small signal analysis of the rate equations for carriers and photons, it is demonstrated that by injecting excess carriers into the QDs excited state through optical pumping, the modulation r...

INTRODUCTION In dental practice, low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) are mainly used for dental surgery and biostimulation therapy. Within the Orthodontic specialty, while LLLT has been widely used to treat pain associated with orthodontic movement, accelerate bone regeneration after rapid maxillary expansion, and enhance orthodontic tooth movement, HILT, in t...

Pain control remains an urgent task. If the goal is to achieve permanent pain relief and not temporarily mask (masking pathology), then that can only be achieved by treating with physiotherapeutic methods, most universal effective of them low-level laser therapy intensity (LLLT). Treatment methods vary fundamentally in case neuropathic (nonspecific, primary), which includes trigger point (PT) n...

background: patients undergoing orthodontic treatment experience varying degrees of pain with separator insertion. a survey of patients’ attitude towards orthodontic treatment revealed that pain was the most discouraging factor related to their treatment. moreover, it was the highest ranking reason for wanting to discontinue care. the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of low-lev...

Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) is controversial because of conflicting outcomes in peer reviewed literature. The possible combination and permutation of laser parameters is almost infinite. Defining what is an appropriate dose of laser energy for anyone condition remains anecdotal. A number of factors have contributed to the heterogenity of the literature and the variable outcomes. This paper e...

Refining diagnostic criteria has identified key characteristics differentiating rosacea, a chronic skin disorder, from other common cutaneous inflammatory conditions. The current classification system developed by the National Rosacea Society Expert Committee consists of erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous, and ocular subtypes. Each subtype stands as a unique entity among a spec...