As one of the most important post-transcriptional regulators, microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in diverse biological processes, including the regulation of cell proliferation. MiR-17~92 has been found to act as an oncogene, and it is closely associated with cell proliferation. However, its role in liver regeneration is still unclear. We generated a hepatocyte-specific miR-17~92-deficient mouse an...

Characterizing phenotypic differences between sexual and asexual organisms is a critical step towards understanding why sexual reproduction is so common. Because asexuals are often polyploid, understanding how ploidy influences phenotype is directly relevant to the study of sex and will provide key insights into the evolution of ploidy-level variation. The well-established association between g...

for the past fifty years, the iranian cities have witnessed many efforts toward dealing with dilapidated neighborhoods, including urban renewal, urban rehabilitation, reconstruction and regeneration. however, the experiences in this regard have not led to any major achievements. in the cities in the developed countries, public participation is considered as an important element in the plans for...

Climate change is leading to phase shifts in coral reefs worldwide. In many biogeographic regions, octocorals are now becoming the most abundant benthic components, due their environmental resilience and ability rapidly colonize reef surfaces. Regeneration abilities asexual reproduction highly important for this probably contribute successful spread of certain octocorals, including invasive spe...

Extensive regeneration of sensory axons into the spinal cord can be achieved experimentally after dorsal root injury, but no effort has been made to target regenerating axons and restore a normal lamina-specific projection pattern. Ectopic axon growth is potentially associated with functional disorders such as chronic pain and autonomic dysreflexia. This study was designed to target regeneratin...

Sensory hair cells are specialized mechanotransductive receptors required for hearing and vestibular function. Loss of hair cells in humans and other mammals is permanent and causes reduced hearing and balance. In the early 1980's, it was shown that hair cells continue to be added to the inner ear sensory epithelia in cartilaginous and bony fishes. Soon thereafter, hair cell regeneration was do...

Silymarin, a mixture of antihepatotoxic flavonolignans used in the treatment of liver diseases, and lactulose, a nonabsorbable synthetic disaccharide, were investigated to analyze their probable synergic and healing effects in a hepatic cirrhotic rat model. Liver damage was induced by the administration and subsequent withdrawal of thioacetamide. The significant decrease in liver enzymes and ma...

Stem cell therapy for cardiac disease is an exciting but highly controversial research area. Strategies such as cell transplantation and reprogramming have demonstrated both intriguing and sobering results. Yet as clinical trials proceed, our incomplete understanding of stem cell behavior is made evident by numerous unresolved matters, such as the mechanisms of cardiomyocyte turnover or the opt...

The adult mammalian heart exhibits limited regenerative capacity after myocardial injury, a shortcoming that is responsible for the current lack of definitive treatments for heart failure. A search for approaches that might enhance adult heart regeneration has led to interest in the Hippo/Yap signaling pathway, a recently discovered signaling pathway that regulates cell proliferation and organ ...

Mesenchymal stem cell-mediated tissue regeneration is a promising approach for regenerative medicine for a wide range of applications. Here we report a new population of stem cells isolated from the root apical papilla of human teeth (SCAP, stem cells from apical papilla). Using a minipig model, we transplanted both human SCAP and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) to generate a root/peri...