In computer-based instruction learning environments, learners can be easily distracted due to the attraction of the enormous amount of interesting Internet content. If learners feel negative emotions during computer-based instruction, they may discontinue their learning. Thus, finding ways to keep learners feeling positive is an important part of computer-based instruction. Flow theory proposed...

abstract the present study aims at analyzing efl learners’ attitudes towards motivating factors in learning vocab-ulary. a mixed-methods approach was used to conduct the study. in the qualitative analysis, iranian efl learners’ attitudes towards learning vocabulary were investigated through a semi-structured interview en-compassing 36 participants. subsequently, a 56-item ‘motivation for voca...

abstract improving nitrogen use efficiency (nue) is an important objective of the agroecosystem management. a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different competition patterns on nitrogen balance in the wheat agroecosystem. experimental design was split–plot based on randomized complete blocks with four replications. the main plots consisted of different nitrogen rates (i.e. ...

background: cardiac risk assessment with myocardial perfusion imaging (mpi) is a common practice for some elderly breast cancer patients who are candidates for operation. in rare cases the tumor may become visible in the images. case presentation: this is the report of a case with a huge slow-growing breast tumor suspicious for malignancy and presenting with methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile (mibi) u...

the study applied an isolated brevibacterium sp. (mtcc 10313) for bioremediation of zn, cu, mg and pb in domestic sewage. batch culture experiments were performed on both the fresh and stale sewage samples with glucose supplementation of 1-8g/l. nutrient broth medium was prepared, sterilized and ph adjusted to 6.5-6.8. 1% of the brevibacteria sp. stock was inoculated into the broth and maintain...

The interactivity of e-learning may affect how learners responding to the learning content. This study examined the effects of level-of-interactivity and gender on learners’ achievement and attitudes under the condition of learning computer graphics on-line. One hundred and twenty one e-learners participated in this study and the effective sample size for the present study was ninety two. The e...

Of the four English language skills that are often taught separately, listening requires more efforts from both course developers and learners. Unlike courses for other skills, which are mostly paper-based, listening courses are a combination of paper-based materials in the form of a course book, and sound-based materials in the form of audio on tapes/compact discs. However, learners get to kee...

The REDEEM authoring tool allows teachers to create adapted learning environments for their students from existing material. Previous evaluations have shown that under experimental conditions REDEEM can significantly improve learning. The goals of this study were twofold: to explore if REDEEM could improve students’ learning in real world situations and to examine if learners can share in the a...