What is an adult learner? Much of the literature on adult learning indicates that teachers teach adults differently than pre-adults and that most of the contrasts are associated with teachers’ perceptions of learner characteristics. An awareness and acceptance of our values and an understanding of our personal philosophies are very important before forming a working definition of what and who a...

Personalized learning (PL) has been internationally promoted as a future direction of educational reform efforts. While there is growing evidence PL enhancing outcomes, teachers reported having difficulty envisioning in practice. This national survey study investigated how practiced K-12 learner-centered schools the U.S. to inform educators teachers’ practice and identify gaps between their res...

Learner-centered learning can be defined as an approach to learning in which learners choose the topic to study and learning tasks. Because of available choices, learners can find it difficult to make a decision about which of the topics/tasks would be more appropriate for them. Identifying other learners with similar characteristics and then considering the tasks that worked well, makes it pos...

Learner-centered design (LCD) is an evolving design approach for designing tools that support learners trying to engage in and understand complex work practices in which they are novices. Learner-centered design focuses on developing tools that incorporate support (or “scaffolding”) to support the novice in seeing and doing complex, unknown work so that the learner can begin developing an under...

Abstract One-on-one tutoring is the most effective teaching arrangement. Most schools and families, however, cannot afford to provide each child with a tutor. Peer in classrooms, more feasible scalable learning arrangement, increases for both tutors tutees, but peer tutors’ efficacy often limited by their didactic disempowering approaches. Two interventions distinctly different designs were dev...