The leaves of seed plants can be classified as being either simple or compound according to their shape. Two hypotheses address the homology between simple and compound leaves, which equate either individual leaflets of compound leaves with simple leaves or the entire compound leaf with a simple leaf. Here we discuss the genes that function in simple and compound leaf development, such as KNOX1...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The growth of crops in a mixture is more variable and difficult to predict than that in pure stands. Light partitioning and crop leaf area expansion play prominent roles in explaining this variability. However, in many crops commonly grown in mixtures, including the forage species alfalfa, the sensitivity and relative importance of the physiological responses involved in the...

3.1. Development, growth and differentiation 3.1.1. Development Development is an umbrella term, referring to the sum of all of the changes that an organism goes through in its life cycle – from germination of the seed through growth, maturation, flowering, and senescence. Development is most readily manifest in changes in from of the organism or organ, such as the transition from the vegetativ...

During leaf development, the formation of leaf adaxial-abaxial polarity at the primordium stage is crucial for subsequent leaf expansion. However, little is known about the genetic control from polarity establishment to blade outgrowth. The leaf margin, comprising elongated margin cells and hydathodes, is thought to affect leaf expansion. Here, we show that mutants with defective leaf polarity ...

Crop models need accurate simulation of the interdependent processes of crop development and leaf area production. Crop development proceeds according to genotype characteristics and environmental influences, specifically temperature and photoperiod. It can be partly described by thermal requirements for development intervals and coefficients that describe genotype adaptation. The objectives of...