WSNs consists of small devices called sensor nodes having the capability of sensing the environment around them, computation the task, like gathering, storing, transmitting information, and performing wireless communications. Nowadays the main area of interest amongst researcher is the development of energy efficient algorithm in WSNs, so that the lifetime of sensors is enhanced. Since energy a...

The security and minimum energy consumption are the major requirement in clustered wireless sensor networks (WSN).Existing trust system in WSNs are capable in satisfying these needs because of their maximum overhead and minimum dependability. In lightweight dependable trust system (LDTS) in WSNs, which follow clustering algorithm. Initially, trust decision algorithm is proposed based on node id...

The phenomenon of network resource-constrained often appears in wireless sensor network (WSN) because of nodes with energy-limited, so it becomes a research topic to study on high-performance routing protocol in wireless sensor network. In accordance with the characteristic of quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO), a novel clustering routing protocol with QPSO algorithm is proposed based o...

LEACH is the first protocol of wireless sensor networks based on clustering and layered structure technology, but the security problem related to the wireless sensor network is not considered. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an efficient security routing algorithm for practical wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we proposed a LEACH-based key management scheme for wireless sensor net...

In wireless sensor network (WSN), many novel architectures, protocols, algorithms and applications have been proposed and implemented for energy efficiency. The efficiency of these networks is highly dependent on routing protocols which directly affecting the network life-time. Cluster formation in sensor network is one of the most popular technique for reducing the energy consumption and expan...

The most important routing protocol LEACH of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has been incorporated by W. Heinzelman. LEACH uses the concept of dynamic clustering when sensor nodes are deploying randomly where number of cluster impact on the network. This paper describes the network quality that depends on the optimum selection of number of clusterhead as a Modification on LEACH protocol using n...

The use of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) should be increasing in different fields (scientist, logistic, military and health, etc.). However, the sensor’s size is an important limitation in term of energetic autonomy, and thus of life span because battery must be very small. This is the reason why, today, research mainly carries on the energy management in the WSNs, taking into account com...

In this paper, we analyze the operating principle of LEACH protocol and present an improved algorithm LRDA (LEACH Region Divided Algorithm) proposed for large-scale wireless sensor networks. The main idea is dividing network into different sizes of areas according to the theorems of optimal number of hops and the minimum energy consumption in ideal conditions. The cluster heads use multi-hop co...

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a network of an inexpensive low coverage, sensing, and computation nodes. The foremost difference between the WSN and the traditional wireless networks is that sensors are extremely sensitive to energy consumption. Energy saving is the crucial issue in designing the wireless sensor networks. Many researchers have focused only on developing energy efficient pro...

In Wireless sensor networks, sensor nodes sense the data from environment according to its functionality and forwards to its base station. This process is called Data collection. The Data collection process is done either directly or by multi-hop routing. In direct routing, every sensor node directly transfers its sensed data to base station which has an impact on energy consumption from sensor...