The theoretical approach of TEY (total electron yield) for quantitative surface analysis is demonstrated for binary Au-Cu alloys and the evaluation of thin layer measurements on the example of thin aGa,,As layers on GaAs substrates. Further considerations deal with detection limits of the method. An interesting feature of TEY is the possibility to quantify buried thin layers. The detection limi...

We propose and demonstrate weak-microcavity organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays with improved light-extraction and viewing-angle characteristics. A single pair of low- and high-index layers is inserted between indium tin oxide (ITO) and a glass substrate. The electroluminescent (EL) efficiencies of discrete red, green, and blue weak-microcavity OLEDs are enhanced by 56%, 107%, and 26%,...

We measure the Bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) of ooid sand layers with three particle size distributions (0.5-1mm, 0.25-0.5mm and 0.125-0.25mm) and layer thicknesses on a reflecting mirror to determine the influential depth in the optical region at wavelengths of 658 nm (red), 570 nm (green) and 457 nm (blue). The hemispherical reflectance (albedo) was used as an indica...

The dependence of DNA assemblies conductance on relative humidity is investigated theoretically. Following earlier suggestions, we consider the ionic conductivity through the layers of water adsorbed by DNA molecules. The increase in humidity results in a growing water layer. The binding energy of ions depends on the thickness of the water layer due to change in water polarization. This depende...

This paper describes a recent investigation of aero-optical properties for subsonic turbulent boundary layers on a flat plate. Laser propagation through the boundary layer at several oblique elevation angles, Mach numbers, and boundary layer displacement thicknesses was investigated. A simple model is proposed that incorporates the oblique angle dependence into an existing scaling relationship....

We have investigated the influence of the thickness of an undoped spacer layer under the channel on the current–voltage characteristics of GaAs MESFETs. To that purpose we have grown the active layers of the MESFETs on top of a 50 nm AlAs layer to separate the device effectively from the undoped GaAs substrate. Substrate leakage currents are of the order of 10−7 A at 30 V source–substrate bias....

In Sossi's formulation of the Fourier transform method of optical multilayer design the refractive-index profile is derived for an inhomogeneous layer of infinite extent having the desired spectral transmittance. This layer is then approximated by a finite system of discrete homogeneous layers. Because it does not make any assumptions about the refractive indices, thicknesses, or number of laye...

To improve the electromagnetic characteristics of conductive nano fillers, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with nickel-phosphorous (Ni-P) and nickeliron (Ni-Fe) have been fabricated by the electroless plating process. Observations by the electron microscopy (SEM/TEM) and element analyzer (EDS/ELLS) showed the uniform Ni-P and Ni-Fe coated CNFs. The compositions of the plating layers were about Ni-6wt%...

A sharp magnetic soliton can be created and propagated in a vertical ratchet structure based on magnetic layers with out-of-plane anisotropy using a combination of antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interlayer couplings. This allows the use of identical magnetic layers in the stack, which simplifies the implementation of the ratchet compared to schemes which use alternating layer thicknesses. ...

Molecular beam epitaxy grown InAs/GaSb superlattices, containing InSb-like interfacial layers, were analyzed by a combination of x-ray diffraction XRD and structural refinement. The superlattice refinement from x rays SUPREX method determines with high accuracy the average thicknesses and d spacings of the individual InAs and GaSb layers in addition to standard structural parameters usually obt...