Background and aims: Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are still a focus of research because of their role in the transmission of diseases and annoying biting behavior. Source reduction is an effective measure to control mosquito populations, which is based on good knowledge of larval habitats. This study was conducted to obtain that basic knowledge in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province....

—The monophyly of Microhylidae is supported by an overwhelming accumulation of synapomorphic larval features. Despite the distinctiveness of the microhylid tadpole, few studies have focused on larval development. Microhylid larval morphology is usually described and based on standard tables that imply that developmental events at equivalent stages of overall tadpole development are independent ...

Background: The Endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 (EPSA1) is the key transcriptional regulator of hypoxic response and Vascular Permeability Factor (VPF) is an important growth factor for vascular development and angiogenesis. OBJECTIVES: In the present study, the levels of the EPSA1 coding gene and VPF transcripts were evaluated during Larval development of Beluga, Huso huso. METHODS...

The conversion of hemoglobins (Hbs) and red blood cells (RBCs) from the larval to the adult type was monitored during normal metamorphosis in Xenopus laevis, and in artificially induced metamorphosis-arrested and precociously metamorphosed animals by means of SDS-PAGE, Hb immunohistochemistry, and double-staining with in situ DNA nick-end labeling (TUNEL) for detection of apoptosis and Hb immun...

The marine polychaete Streblospio benedicti exhibits two distinct larval types, making it a model for the study of developmental evolution. Females produce either large eggs or small ones, which develop into distinct lecithotrophic or planktotrophic larvae with concomitant morphological and life-history differences. Here, we investigate the inheritance of key morphological traits that distingui...

We examined the utility of fluorescent fatty acid analog dyes for labeling larval trematodes to use in experimental infections. Our goals were to identify two dyes that label larval trematodes belonging to the species Maritrema novaezealandensis and Coitocaecum parvum, determine if the dyes influence survival and infectivity of larval trematodes and/or host mortality, and if larval trematodes l...

The potential effect of larval condition on adult immunity in holometabolous insects is rarely considered. We show here that larval food composition can impact adult immunity independent from effects on general condition of the animal. Rather, our data indicate a plastic allocation of resources to immunity in high-protein environments. Specifically, we found that increasing the nutritional yeas...

We conducted a transplant study in which embryonic southern toads (Bufo terrestris) were held in a site polluted with coal ash (site AB; containing As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Se, and other elements) and a reference site (site R) through hatching and early larval development. To examine the remainder of the larval period, surviving larvae in AB were then transplanted to R and back-transplanted to AB, where...

in the course of study on larval parasitoids of carob moth, ectomyelois ceratoniae zeller (lep.: pyralidae), an hyperparasitoid wasp, pachycrepoideus vindemmiae rondani, was collected from pupae of apanteles sp. (hym.: braconidae). the latter species is the larval parasitoid of the carob moth. the p. vindemmiae belongs to the family pteromalidae and is a new record for iran insect fauna.