We consider the classical Wright–Fisher model with mutation and selection. Mutations occur independently in each locus, and selection is performed according to the sharp peak landscape. In the asymptotic regime studied in [3], a quasispecies is formed. We find explicitly the distribution of this quasispecies, which turns out to be the same distribution as for the Moran model.

Searching for technological and organizational innovations is a fundamental activity in social systems. Recent work in this area has focused on the notion of firms locally searching for high points on a “fitness landscape.” Here we show how the presence of neutral networks forming pathways of temporarily inconsequential changes can alter the potential of innovation in such worlds. In particular...

Mosaics are orbits of partitions arising from music theoretical investigations. Various theorems from the field of “enumeration under finite group actions” are applied for enumerating mosaics. In other words, it is demonstrated how to enumerate G-orbits of partitions of given size, block-type or stabilizer-type.

Thousands of Late Pleistocene remains are found in sites throughout Beringia. These specimens comprise an Ice Age genetic museum, and the DNA contained within them provide a means to observe evolutionary processes within populations over geologically significant time scales. Phylogenetic analyses can identify the taxonomic positions of extinct species and provide estimates of speciation dates. ...

With the changing immigrant population and rising real-estate prices in downtown Washington, D.C., the number of Chinese residents and businesses in its Chinatown has declined in recent years. Meanwhile, non-Chinese stores and restaurants have marched into this thriving neighborhood. Foreseeing the threat of Chinatown’s disappearance from the urban landscape, leaders of the local Chinese commun...

the expansion of major cities regardless of the scientific planning principles has led to theemergence of negative urban development impacts in iran such as the degradation of natural resources andvarious forms of pollution. undoubtedly, urban rivers can enhance the ecological value of the earth to anoptimal extent. however, to benefit from these potentials, appropriate planning looks inevitabl...

1. Landscape ecology deals with the influence of spatial pattern on ecological processes. It considers the ecological consequences of where things are located in space, where they are relative to other things, and how these relationships and their consequences are contingent on the characteristics of the surrounding landscape mosaic at multiple scales in time and space. Traditionally, landscape...

the method of sampling unit was applied according to the importance of the park in urban landscape structure with the initial purpose of planning method to maximize environmental sustainability and recognizing the structural elements within the park. swot technique has been applied to analyze collected data and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of affected areas. ...

After the 2008 crisis, smart sustainable development of port areas/cities should be developed on the basis of specific principles: the synergy principle (between different actors/systems, in particular the socio-cultural and economic system), the creativity principle and the circularization principle. The Historic Urban landscape (HUL) approach becomes the guarantee that the transition toward t...