IVR (Interactive Voice Response) services are increasingly prevalent in automated telephone enquiry systems. VoiceXML (Voice eXtensible Markup Language) has become one of the leading languages for IVR. The nature of IVR services is introduced, along with an explanation of how they are represented in VoiceXML. However a VoiceXML description is at a low level, so it is difficult to gain an overvi...

Soil contamination with heavy metals such as arsenic has harmful effects on human health and agricultural products. Arsenic (AS) is one of the heavy metals which are highly toxic and carcinogenic. This research was conducted to study the effect of organic manure on increasing the Arsenic absorption ability by Cress plant in the greenhouse of the Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center...

The wild species field cress (Lepidium campestre), belonging to the Brassicaceae family, has potential to be developed into a novel oilseed- and catch crop, however, the species needs to be further improved regarding some important agronomic traits. One of them is its low oil content which needs to be increased. As far as we know there is no study aiming at increasing the oil content that has b...

Abstract The aim of the research was to evaluate effect three types silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with different physicochemical properties and ions delivered in form nitrate (AgNO 3 ) at concentration 50 mg L −1 on germination initial growth monocots (common wheat, sorghum) dicots (garden cress, white mustard). AgNPs were prepared using trisodium citrate (TCSB-AgNPs), tannic acid (TA-AgNPs), cy...

The study reported in this article aims at empirically testing a theoretical model of collaborative knowledge building with wikis which was recently introduced by Cress and Kimmerle (2007; in press). This model assumes that individual learning and collaborative knowledge building are based on the interplay between people’s knowledge and the information available in the wiki. This interplay take...

The vermicompost using earthworms (Eisenia Fetida) was produced from food waste and chemical parameters (EC, pH, carbon to nitrogen contents (C/N)) and germination bioassay was examined in order to assess the stability and maturity indicators during the vermicomposting process. The seed used in the germination bioassay was cress. The ranges of EC, pH, C/N and germination index were 7.5-4.9 mS/c...