BACKGROUND Although the association between alcohol consumption and HIV risk is well documented, few studies have examined the magnitude of new HIV infections that could be prevented by controlling alcohol use. We report the population attributable fraction (PAF) of incident HIV infections due to alcohol consumption among the HIV high-risk population of fishing communities along Lake Victoria, ...

The objective of this study was to assess water-borne parasite point prevalence in communities in close proximity to Lake Victoria in Uganda prior to the implementation of a clean water intervention, and to investigate possible associations of water source and latrine access with protozoan prevalence. Utilizing a rapid antigen test, parasite prevalence for Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolyt...

X. Moreira ([email protected]), Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG-CSIC), Apdo. 28, ES-36080 Pontevedra, Galicia, Spain. – I. M. Pérez-Ramos, Inst. de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Sevilla, Andalucía, Spain. – L. Abdala-Roberts, Dept of Tropical Ecology, Autonomous Univ. of Yucatan, Itzimna, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. – K. A. Mooney, Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary B...

Before integration in the ALICE experiment, the readout chambers of the ALICE-Transition-RadiationDetector (TRD) [1] are tested at the Institut für Kernphysik Frankfurt (IKF), including measurements of their gas amplification factor. In this report, we describe the revisal of these test-procedures by introducing additional measurements to ensure a self-consistent determination of the absolute g...

Johnson et al. (1996) presented evidence that Lake Victoria as dry before 12,800 C years ago. Broecker et al. (1998) oncluded from water-balance calculations that the precipitaion rate when the lake was dry must have been smaller than it s now by a factor of at least four. The apparent magnitude of he change in precipitation and its near simultaneity with other hanges elsewhere on the globe wer...

Plant defence responses to volatile alert signals are population-specific 1 2 Running title: Specificity of plant communication 3 4 Xoaquín Moreira, William K. Petry, Johnattan Hernández-Cumplido, Stéphanie 5 Morelon, and Betty Benrey 6 7 Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG-CSIC), Apdo. 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Galicia, 8 Spain. 9 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Californ...

BACKGROUND The initial endemicity (pre-control prevalence) of onchocerciasis has been shown to be an important determinant of the feasibility of elimination by mass ivermectin distribution. We present the first geostatistical map of microfilarial prevalence in the former Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa (OCP) before commencement of antivectorial and antiparasitic interventions. ...

African cichlid fish form new species faster than any other vertebrates, with hundreds of species evolving within the last 2 million years in Lake Malawi and within the last 120,000 years in Lake Victoria. This rapid speciation makes cichlids good models for elucidating the genetic mechanisms behind biodiversity. Vision may play a key role in cichlid evolution, adapting them to forage for new f...