OBJECTIVES When Lactobacillus spp. dominate the vaginal microbiota of women of reproductive age they acidify the vagina to pH <4.0 by producing ∼1% lactic acid in a nearly racemic mixture of d- and l-isomers. We determined the HIV virucidal activity of racemic lactic acid, and its d- and l-isomers, compared with acetic acid and acidity alone (by the addition of HCl). METHODS HIV-1 and HIV-2 w...

ABSTRACT- Lactic acid bacteria are commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract of various endothermic animals and humans, in milk, dairy and seafood products and on some plant surfaces. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of isolated lactic acid bacteria from intestines of narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) on Listeria innocua growth. Five strai...

Cerebral Spinal Fluid Lactic Acid Following Circulatory Arrest • CSF lactic acid rises quickly and then gradually declines toward normal after severe cerebral ischemia in the dog. In animals in whom recovery can be postulated, the increase in lactic acid would appear to be transitory, and more severe insults produce higher levels. The increase in blood levels of lactic acid occurs more rapidly ...

Microbe-derived lactic acid protects women from pathogens in their genital tract. The purpose of this study was to determine lactic acid susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and identify potential acid resistance mechanisms present in this pathogen. Tested in vitro, lactic acid killed all 10 gonococcal strains analyzed in a low pH-dependent manner. Full inactivation occurred at pH 4.5. At l...

Based on the high acid tolerance and the simple nutritional requirements of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, engineered strains of this yeast are considered biocatalysts for industrial production of high-purity undissociated lactic acid. However, high concentrations of lactic acid are toxic to S. cerevisiae, thus limiting its growth and product formation. Physiological and transcriptional responses to...

Certain chemical changes are known to occur in muscle during, and immediately following, short periods of exercise. With respect to the alteration in the acid-base equilibrium under such conditions, some facts are definitely established. It has been shown by Barr and Himwich (1) that within a few minutes after exercise very considerable, amounts of plasma bicarbonate are neutralized by acid, an...

BACKGROUND Efficient conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to optically pure lactic acid is a key challenge for the economical production of biodegradable poly-lactic acid. A recently isolated strain, Thermoanaerobacterium aotearoense SCUT27, is promising as an efficient lactic acid production bacterium from biomass due to its broad substrate specificity. Additionally, its strictly anaerobic an...

Lactic acid has been identified as one of the top 30 potential building-block chemicals from biomass. Therefore, the search for cheap raw materials is an objective to reduce the production costs. Efficient polymer-grade L-lactic acid production was achieved in this report by a thermophilic strain Bacillus sp. XZL4 using corn stover hydrolyzate as sole carbon source. High L-lactic acid concentra...

Efficient lactic acid production from cane sugar molasses by Lactobacillus delbrueckii mutant Uc-3 in batch fermentation process is demonstrated. Lactic acid fermentation using molasses was not significantly affected by yeast extract concentrations. The final lactic acid concentration increased with increases of molasses sugar concentrations up to 190 g/liter. The maximum lactic acid concentrat...