When a toddler knows a word, what does she actually know? Many categories have multiple relevant properties; for example, shape and color are relevant to membership in the category banana. How do toddlers prioritize these properties when recognizing familiar words, and are there systematic differences among children? In this study, toddlers viewed pairs of objects associated with prototypical c...

One Holstein cow housed with 21 other cows exhibited clinical signs of pyrexia, anorexia and diarrhea along with severe hemoglobinuria. Hematological and biochemical analyses conducted before and after antibiotic therapy indicated severe hemolytic anemia and disruption of hepatic function. A general improvement in conditions was observed after an 11-day program of treatment comprising a regular...

This study examined two female offspring of a somatic cell cloned Holstein cow that had reproduction problems and milk production performance issues. The two offspring heifers, which showed healthy appearances and normal reproductive characteristics, calved on two separate occasions. The mean milk yields of the heifers in the first lactation period were 9,037 kg and 7,228 kg. The relative mean ...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different levels of sesame wastes (SW) on performance, milk composition and blood metabolites in lactating dairy cows. In this order, eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows were used in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design in four periods of 21 days. Treatments were control (no Sesame meal supplementat...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different levels of sesame wastes (SW) on performance, milk composition and blood metabolites in lactating dairy cows. In this order, eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows were used in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design in four periods of 21 days. Treatments were control (no Sesame meal supplementat...

Direct reproductive traits as they are currently measured tend to be low in heritability, making the environment a beef female is produced in key to reproductive success. Large cow size and high milk production translate into increased energy and protein requirements for the cow, even when not lactating. The increased nutrient requirements can significantly limit the carrying capacity of any fa...

Valacta (Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada) is the Canadian Dairy Herd Improvement organization responsible for milk recording in Québec and Atlantic provinces. Up to 14 first-lactation body condition score (BCS) records were collected per cow (average of 2.5 records per cow), allowing the trait to be described by a random regression animal model so that animals could be ranked by the sha...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to describe the relationship between milk yield and lactation number, stage, length and milking frequency in Korean Holstein dairy cows using an automatic milking system (AMS). METHODS The original data set consisted of observations from April to October 2016 of 780 Holstein cows, with a total of 10,751 milkings. Each time a cow was milked by an AMS ...

Behavioral observations of cattle are important for detection of illness, injury, and estrus as well as to verify that the cattle are behaving normally. However, conducting live observations of animals managed in extensive systems, such as pasture-based dairies, can be difficult and time consuming. Activity monitors, such as those developed for use with automatic milking systems (AMS), have bee...

Young calves are known to be formed with laminar bone in long-bone cortex during growing periods and the osteon formation begins later. Previously, we reported that an 11-year-old giant Holstein cow with dermal dysplasia showed a delayed osteon formation. An 8.5-year-old cow, born from the giant Holstein cow, also showed some dermal dysplasia and the outer-half layer of the child almost retaine...