Two mechanisms have been proposed for regulating rolling velocities on selectins. These are (a) the intrinsic kinetics of bond dissociation, and (b) the reactive compliance, i.e., the susceptibility of the bond dissociation reaction to applied force. To determine which of these mechanisms explains the 7.5-11.5-fold faster rolling of leukocytes on L-selectin than on E- and P-selectins, we have c...

We use a quantum computational argument to prove, for any integer k ≥ 2, a complexity upper bound for nonadaptive k-query classical locally random reductions (LRRs) that allow bounded-errors. Extending and improving a recent result of Pavan and Vinodchandran [PV], we prove that if a set L has a nonadaptive 2-query classical LRR to functions g and h, where both g and h can output O(logn) bits, s...

Both P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) and L-selectin are localized on the microvilli of neutrophils and have been implicated in the attachment of neutrophils to P-selectin or E-selectin. We directly compared the attachment and rolling of neutrophils on P-selectin and E-selectin under flow, with emphasis on the functions of PSGL-1 and L-selectin. Flowing neutrophils attached more avidly...

Many experiments have measured the effect of force on the dissociation of single selectin bonds, but it is not yet clear how the force dependence of molecular dissociation can influence the rolling of cells expressing selectin molecules. Recent experiments using constant-force atomic force microscopy or high-resolution microscopic observations of pause-time distributions of cells in a flow cham...

A microfluidic droplet mixer is developed for rapid detection of Hg(II) ions. Reagent concentration and droplets can be precisely controlled by adjusting the flow rates of different fluid phases. By selecting suitable flow rates of the oil phase, probe phase and sample phase, probe droplets and sample droplets can be matched and merged in pairs and subsequently well-mixed in the poly (dimethyls...

We find “combinatorially optimal” (guaranteed by the degree-sequence alone) independent sets for graphs and hypergraps in linear space in the semi-streaming model. We also propose a new output-efficient streaming model, that is more restrictive than semi-streaming (n·log n space) but more flexible than classic streaming (log n space). The algorithms in this model work in poly-logarithmic space,...

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) shortens the transit time of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) through the marrow and accelerates their release into the circulation. In contrast to other inflammatory stimuli, this response is associated with a decrease in L-selectin levels on circulating PMN. The present study was designed to determine the effect of IL-6 on L-selectin levels of PMN in rabbits. Recombinan...