Nested relations are an important subclass of object-relational systems that are now being widely used in industry. Also, a subclass of nested relations, partitioned normal form (PNF) relations, is important because the semantics and manipulation of these relations are more transparent than general nested relations. In this paper we address the question of determining when every PNF relation st...

The Luar template processing system used in authoring NCL documents, has development concepts based on reuse of descriptions through document templates. These development concepts can be used in the authorship of other XML-based documents through the analysis, adequacy, design and creation of a new reuse infrastructure based on Luar system. This view shows the processing system of models Luar-X...

A characterization of nested spaces in terms of their order theoretic properties is given. This characterization is analogous to the order theoretic characterization of trees given by L. E. Ward, Jr. Partial orders in topological spaces have been of great interest to topologists since the classic work of Nachbin [7]. Later L. E. Ward, Jr. [11] studied partially ordered topological spaces and in...

We identify a subclass of labelled sequents called “labelled tree sequents” and show that these are notational variants of tree-hypersequents in the sense that a sequent of one type can be represented naturally as a sequent of the other type. This relationship can be extended to nested (deep) sequents using the relationship between tree-hypersequents and nested (deep) sequents, which we also sh...

b a ckground: cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) represents the most frequent vector borne parasitoses in iran. the ob-jective of this study was to determine the epidemiological features of cl including human infection and the reservoir host in the city of bushehr, bushehr province, iran during 2010–2011. m e t hods: studies on human infection was carried out on 2962 school children aged 7–14 years o...

We present an effective preconditioning technique for solving the nonsymmetric linear systems encountered in computation of incompressible flows in long domains. The application category we focus on is arterial fluid mechanics. These linear systems are solved using a nested iterative scheme with an outer Richardson scheme and an inner iteration that is handled via a Krylov subspace method. Test...

Local confluence is an important property in many rewriting systems. The notion of critical pairs is central for being able to verify local confluence of rewriting systems in a static way. Critical pairs are defined already in the framework of graphs and adhesive rewriting systems. These systems may hold rules with or without negative application conditions. In this paper however, we consider r...

L systems are parallel rewriting systems which were originally introduced in 1968 to model the development of multicellular organisms, [L1]. The basic ideas gave rise to an abundance of language-theoretic problems, both mathematically challenging and interesting from the point of view of diverse applications. After an exceptionally vigorous initial research period (roughly up to 1975; in the bo...

nlp is a compiler for nested logic programming under answer set semantics. It is designed as a front-end translating nested logic programs into disjunctive ones, whose answer sets are then computable by disjunctive logic programming systems, like dlv or gnt. nlp offers different translations: One is polynomial but necessitates the introduction of new atoms, another is exponential in the worst c...

Single-step and nested polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were used to determine the presence of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, the phloem-limited bacterial pathogen of Huanglongbing (HLB), in leaves of wampee [Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels], lemon [Citrus limon (L.) Burm.] and several other citrus species. Specific PCR products were obtained when single-step PCR and nested PCR were used to...