We estimate reference CO2 emission projections in the European Union, and quantify the economic impacts of the Kyoto commitment on Member States. We consider the case where each EU member individually meets a CO2 emissions target, applying a country-wide cap and trade system to meet the target but without trade among countries. We use a version of the MIT Emissions Prediction and Policy Analysi...

To meet obligations under Article 3.3 of the Kyoto Protocol, New Zealand is required to estimate, in an unbiased manner, forest carbon stock change, over the Protocol’s first commitment period (2008-2012). New Zealand has three categories of forest, namely: natural forest; forests planted prior to 1990; and forests planted in non-forest land after 1990. Carbon credits can be earned from net car...

T he 1997 Kyoto Protocol is generally viewed as having set carbon emission reduction goals for the developed world for the purpose of avoiding global warming, a tragedy of the commons. 1 But instead of avoiding the plaguing free-rider problem that works in favor of tragedy, the protocol allows uncontrolled growth in carbon emissions from the developing world, which will more than offset reducti...