INTRODUCTION It had been shown (Matthews, 19516) that reasonably accurate orientation and homing could be obtained with young pigeons after a minimal training up to 25 miles. Recently Kramer & St Paul (1952) and Kramer (1953) have obtained similar results with older pigeons trained up to 10 miles only. Training thus appeared to be rather less essential than had been supposed, and to investigate...

A theorem on existence of mixed strategy equilibria in discontinuous zero-sum games is proved and applied to three models of elections. First, the existence theorem yields a mixed strategy equilibrium in the multidimensional spatial model of elections with three voters. A nine-voter example shows that a key condition of the existence theorem is violated for general finite numbers of voters and ...

By choosing a dynamical system with d different couplings, one can rearrange a system based on the graph with given vertex dependent on the dynamical system elements. The relation between the dynamical elements (coupling) is replaced by a relation between the vertexes. Based on the E0 transverse projection operator. We addressed synchronization problem of an array of the linearly coupled map la...

VOLKER GRIMM,∗§ ELOY REVILLA,† JÜRGEN GROENEVELD,∗ STEPHANIE KRAMER-SCHADT,∗ MONIKA SCHWAGER,‡ JÖRG TEWS,‡ MATTHIAS C. WICHMANN,‡∗∗ AND FLORIAN JELTSCH‡ ∗UFZ Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle, Department Ökologische Systemanalyse, PF 500 136, D-04301 Leipzig, Germany †Department of Applied Biology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Spanish Council for Scientific Research CSIC, Avenue Maria Luis...

Daniel E. Ruzzante,* David C. Hamilton, Donald L. Kramer, and James W. A. Grant* "Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4J1, Canada, Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computing Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3J5, Canada, Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Docteur Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada, and ...