We reanalyze previous experimental measurements of solid volume fraction, mean velocity, and velocity fluctuations in collisional suspensions of plastic cylinders and water flowing over inclined, erodible beds. We show that the particle pressure scales with the granular temperature, as predicted by kinetic theory of granular gases. The assumption that the particle shear stress is also well pred...

Many features of granular media can be modelled as a fluid of hard spheres with inelastic collisions. Under rapid flow conditions, the macroscopic behavior of grains can be described through hydrodynamic equations. At lowdensity, a fundamental basis for the derivation of the hydrodynamic equations and explicit expressions for the transport coefficients appearing in them is provided by the Boltz...

Since 1890, James Clerk Maxwell's reputation has rested upon his theory of electromagnetism. However, during his lifetime he was recognized 'as the leading molecular scientist' of his generation. We will explore the foundation of his significance before 1890 using his work on the stability of Saturn's rings and the development of his kinetic theory of gases, and then briefly discuss the grounds...