Background and Purpose: Improper wastewater and solid waste management in rural areas could be a risk to human health and environment pollution. One percent of Iran’s rural area is connected to the wastewater collection network. Solid waste management in rural areas of Iran is mainly consisted uncontrolled dumping and open burning. The aim of this study is prioritization of wa...

Objective: To assess the biomedical waste management system in two major tertiary care hospitals and to look for the alternative measures which are costeffective and reliable. Study design: A comparative study Place and duration: The study was conducted at two tertiary care teaching hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad city from 27 th April 2014 to 16 th May 2014. Methodology: The data was col...

In this paper, we show that introducing a unit–based fee for the collection of household waste may lead to undesirable environmental impacts. Such a fee provides households incentives to generate lower quality organic waste as a form of dumping. An applied general equilibrium model is built that incorporates organic waste in high quality, low quality, and rest waste, including the possibility o...

painted rocks may be considered the oldest manifestation of art in human society. the history of this art is estimated to be more than 30 thousand years. this art has also a long history in iran. this article introduces one of these rock art sites i.e. ghalat niloo which is located in kazeroon county, south-east of ghalat niloo village. the purpose of this study is to identify and determine th...

The cities are facing illegal dumping of municipal solid waste (MSW) because the waste collection facilities do not cover the entire population. Furthermore, this sector is poorly developed in small towns or villages annexed to administrative territory units (ATU) of cities , MSW are disposed in open dumps polluting the local environment. This paper analyzes on the one hand the urban disparitie...

Sanitary behaviour is an important, but seldom studied, aspect of social living. Social insects have developed several strategies for dealing with waste and faecal matter, including dumping waste outside the nest and forming specialised waste-storage chambers. In some cases waste material and faeces are put to use, either as a construction material or as a long-lasting signal, suggesting that f...

The Summitville Mine was a high-elevation (3500 m) gold mine in southwestern Colorado. The mine was abandoned in 1992, leaving approximately 200 ha of disturbance comprised partially of an open pit, a cyanide heap leach pad, and two large waste rock piles. Reclamation of these mine facilities is challenging due to extreme climatic conditions in conjunction with high acid-production potential an...

Water infiltrating down a fracture in unsaturated rock experiences complex fluid-flow and heat-transfer phenomena when entering above-boiling rock temperature regions. Such conditions are expected, for example, after emplacement of heat-generating nuclear waste in underground repositories. A new, efficient semi-analytical method is proposed in this paper that simulates the flow processes of inf...

The comparative analysis of solid waste management between rural and urban Ghana is largely lacking. This study investigated the solid waste situation and the organisation of solid waste management in both urban and rural settings from the perspective of households. The study employed cross-sectional survey covering both rural and urban districts in the Ashanti and Greater Accra Regions of Ghan...