Diabetic ketoacidosis is usually associated with type 1 diabetes; however, it is increasingly being recognised in type 2 diabetes. The three main mechanisms suggested are: insulinopaenia, elevation in counter-regulatory hormones as a stress response, and increase in free fatty acids. This review aims to highlight the mechanism of diabetic ketoacidosis in type 2 diabetes, the difference compared...

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Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a critical complication of type 1 diabetes associated with water and electrolyte disorders. Here, we report a case of DKA with extreme hyperkalemia (9.0 mEq/L) in a patient with type 1 diabetes on hemodialysis. He had a left frontal cerebral infarction resulting in inability to manage his continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pump. Electrocardiography showed ty...

INTRODUCTION Cerebral edema (CE) is a rare and dangerous complication of diabetic ketoacidosis. In typical cases, it may develop during several hours after the beginning of ketoacidosis therapy. Nevertheless, CE sometimes occurs before the start of any therapy - as for the patient in this report here. CASE REPORT We describe a 12-year-old girl with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, presenting ...

Diabetic ketoacidosis in patients receiving tacrolimus in the post-transplant setting is rare. We describe two such cases in solid-organ transplant recipients. The first patient, a 17-year-old male, presented with severe diabetic ketoacidosis and was managed with intravenous fluids and insulin infusion. He was a known case of Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome and had received a renal transpla...

OBJECTIVE To review the causes of cerebral edema in diabetic ketoacidosis (CEDKA), including pathophysiology, risk factors, and proposed mechanisms, to review the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CEDKA and the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis as it pertains to prevention of cerebral edema. DATA SOURCE A MEDLINE search using OVID was done through 2006 using the search terms cerebral ed...

New-onset diabetes mellitus after transplant is a well-recognized complication of tacrolimus immunosuppression and commonly occurs as a form of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, tacrolimus-associated acute pancreatitis causing diabetic ketoacidosis has not been reported in heart transplant patients. We report a 22-year-old women hospitalized owing to diabetic ketoacidosis associated with acut...

Diabetic ketoacidosis is traditionally stated as being capable of precipitating haemolysis in patients deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). This, however, is based on only a few case reports with inadequate documentation. A study was therefore conducted to review the subject in people with the Mediterranean variant of G6PD deficiency. Perusal of the medical records for the yea...

Context. Many phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors are under trial for cancer treatment. We present a patient taking taselisib who developed ketoacidosis within 1 week of starting canagliflozin. Case Description. A 69-year-old female patient with no previous history of diabetes mellitus was enrolled in a clinical trial for taselisib therapy in stage IV breast cancer. Hyperglycemia treatm...

During 1969-77, 20 episodes of severe hypothermia occurred in 19 diabetic patients in Nottingham. Thirteen were associated with ketotic hyperosmolar coma, two with lactic acidosis, and one with hypoglycaemia, while in four there was no loss of diabetic control. Ketoacidosis accounted for 11.8% of all admissions for severe accidental hypothermia and was a commoner cause than hypothyroidism (8%)....