Carnap’s famous demonstration of the “nonsensical” character of certain sentences from Heidegger’s Was ist Metaphysik? has generally not been read as a serious engagement with or criticism of Heidegger’s thought. I argue to the contrary. I show, first, that Heidegger and Carnap are both reacting against the same features of Husserl’s system, for the same reasons, and, second, that Carnap unders...

Institutional review boards (IRB) normally require of a morally defensible clinical trial that any trial participant will benefit from the inquiry, or at least not be exposed to a significant risk of having their prospects worsened by participating. Stage 1 HIV cure trials tend not to meet this requirement. Does that show them to be morally indefensible? Utilitarian thinking about this question...

This paper concerns the reception of the new logic and logicism of Frege and Russell among the German Neo-Kantian philosophers of the Marburg school. Paul Natorp and Ernst Cassirer both object to Frege’s and Russell’s conception of the ground, nature, and demarcation of logic. This objection depends on the distinctive Marburg school philosophy of logic, arst articulated by Hermann Cohen: that “...

The recent efforts to identify and analyse the neo-Kantian roots of logical positivism have primarily concentrated on the impact of the Marburg School on Carnap and Schlick. Among the Marburgers, attention focused primarily on Ernst Cassirer. From among the contemporaries of the neo-positivists he is commonly regarded as their leading representative. In view of the different currents of the man...

One argument used by detractors of human embryonic stem cell research (hESCR) invokes Kant's formula of humanity, which proscribes treating persons solely as a means to an end, rather than as ends in themselves. According to Fuat S. Oduncu, for example, adhering to this imperative entails that human embryos should not be disaggregated to obtain pluripotent stem cells for hESCR. Given that human...

during three last decades some modem ethical philosophers, called ,communitarians, reviving aristotelian virtualistic ethics, have criticized intensively ethical and political views of utilitarian and new kantian liberalism. this ,doctrine emphasizing on political ethical , and psychological importance of correlations to societies believes that ethical arguments and judgments must derive from c...

Kantian statists believe that the state is a conceptual prerequisite for acquisition of property rights and, hence, freedom itself. They argue under statelessness, are indeterminate, unilateral, and unassured therefore remain merely provisional until instituted. We not morally bound by rights, hence there can be no justice (or injustice) without state. This article makes two arguments. First, i...

In this paper we propose an approach to vagueness characterised by two features. The first one is philosophical: we move along a Kantian path emphasizing the knowing subject’s conceptual apparatus. The second one is formal: to face vagueness, and our philosophical view on it, we propose to use topology and formal topology. We show that the Kantian and the topological features joined together al...

Moral particularists and generalists alike have struggled over how to incorporate the role of moral salience in ethical reasoning. In this paper, I point neglected resources Kant account for maxim formation: Kant's theory reflective judgment. tasks judgment with picking out salient empirical particulars formation into maxims, associating it purposiveness, or intentional activity (action on ends...