Although the Kalman filter (KF) is widely used in practice, its estimated results are optimal only when the system model is linear and the noise characteristics of the system are already exactly known. However, it is extremely difficult to satisfy such requirement since the uncertainty caused by the inertial instrument and the external environment, for instance, in the aided inertial navigation...

A new in vitro model has been developed for studying migration of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) through living native cellular and matrix barriers. Human amnion membrane consists of a single layer of epithelium bound to a continuous basement membrane interfacing an avascular collagenous stroma. Living amnion was placed in plastic chambers with separate compartments on each side of th...

An elementary function that is now commonly referred to Gabor function, Gabor filter and Gabor wavelet was derived from uncertainty relation for information by Gabor to overcome the representation limit of Fourier analysis. Analyzing a signal by a Gabor filter in terms of convolution or spatial filtering, two pieces of information—phase and magnitude—can be obtained. In the paper, Gabor filter ...

Two-pore domain (K2P) K(+) channels are major regulators of excitability that endow cells with an outwardly rectifying background "leak" conductance. In some K2P channels, strong voltage-dependent activation has been observed, but the mechanism remains unresolved because they lack a canonical voltage-sensing domain. Here, we show voltage-dependent gating is common to most K2P channels and that ...

Texture image analysis is one of the most important working realms of image processing in medical sciences and industry. Up to present, different approaches have been proposed for segmentation of texture images. In this paper, we offered unsupervised texture image segmentation based on Markov Random Field (MRF) model. First, we used Gabor filter with different parameters’ (frequency, orientatio...

Least squares migration (LSM) is a linearized waveform inversion for estimating a subsurface reflectivity model that, relative to conventional migration, offers improved spatial resolution of migration images. The cost, however, is that LSM typically requires 10 or more iterations, which is about 20 times or more the CPU cost of conventional migration. To alleviate this expense, I present a deb...