نتایج جستجو برای: jel codes e12
تعداد نتایج: 102607 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
This paper studies conditions under which demand-side shocks can generate realistic business cycles in RBC models. Although highly persistent demand shocks are necessary for generating procyclical investment, variable capacity utilization and habit formation can reduce the required degree of persistence. Keywords: Demand Shocks; Halls Residual; Real Business Cycles; Crowding Out; Investment Dy...
We investigate an open monetary growth model with sluggish prices and quantities. The model combines the dynamics of Rose's employment cycle and Metzler's inventory cycle with internal nominal dynamics of Tobin and external nominal dynamics of Dornbusch type, implying eight laws of motion, four for the real sector and four for the nominal part. These intrinsically nonlinear 8D-dynamics are asym...
Recent developments in econometrics and economic theory attest the growing evidence of strong uncertainty. The paper argues that these developments both question seriously the methodological foundations of the mainstream macroeconomics and support Keynes’s powerful concepts and theory. It emphasizes how replacing ‘risk’ with strong uncertainty suffices to transform the standard four-macro-marke...
The paper relates to the burgeoning literature that combines an interest rate reaction function of the central bank with an IS equation and a Phillips curve relationship. It takes up the deterministic prototype model advocated by J.B.Taylor and D.Romer and, under the assumption of open market operations, makes the implied dynamics of bonds and high-powered money explicit. As a minor extension, ...
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It is well known that increasing returns to scale and firms’ market power are two potential sources of sunspot expectations in Neoclassical models. In this paper we show that both the degree of returns to scale and market power can have fundamentally different implications for self-fulfilling expectations in New Keynesian models depending on the nature of price rigidity. As a result, the design...
Mechanisms inducing neuronal death at defined times during embryogenesis remain enigmatic. We show in explants that a developmental switch occurs between embryonic day 12 (E12) and E13 in rats that is 72– 48 hr before programmed cell death. Half the motoneurons isolated from peripheral tissues at E12 escape programmed cell death, whereas 90% of motoneurons isolated at E13 enter a death program....
The goal of this paper is to put forth the ethical challenges in field marketing communication Indian real estate industry. It necessary understand concept ethics which organization and managers adopt. This explores existing studies reports norms values for communication. codes regulations applicable industry are discussed extent it has relation with Further, endeavors analyze reasons behind ma...
siRNA therapeutics have promise for the treatment of a wide range of genetic disorders. Motivated by lipoproteins, we report lipopeptide nanoparticles as potent and selective siRNA carriers with a wide therapeutic index. Lead material cKK-E12 showed potent silencing effects in mice (ED50 ∼ 0.002 mg/kg), rats (ED50 < 0.01 mg/kg), and nonhuman primates (over 95% silencing at 0.3 mg/kg). Apolipopr...
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