in most of history books 4th a.h. has been introduced a sadifferent kind of islamic civilization, because of having a lot of well known person that can astonish researchers. there were a lot of people who migrated to basre and learned arabic and literature from ebne doraid. sinse knowing words is very important and it’s source other knowledges and it shows his greatpart in growing science and c...

for the first time in the history of logic, abd al razzaq al-jili (d. 570/1174), in the treatise al-lame fi al-shakl al-rabe, dealt with the modal syllogisms of the fourth figure. previous to him, dinha, the priest, and ibn salah al-hamadani had discussed the non-modal moods of the fourth figure. jili’s treatise deals only with simple modalities and ignores the complex ones. his pupil, fakhr al...

one of the debates concerning concepts of “medial motion” and “traversal motion” is the question of which of these two concepts of motion corresponds to motion in the corporeal world. in the present article we intend to employ the language of mathematics to present a model for each of these two concepts to study the above mentioned problem. as a result, medial motion represents a covering funct...

classification of the sciences has always been an essential part of the islamic scientific thought. this was due to the significant role of science in the islamic culture and as well as the development of various scientific traditions in this civilization.philosophy of science, today, discusses the classification of sciences in which methods, subject matters, and goals of the science are studie...

The science of interpretation has a special position in the Islamic sciences and has been addressed seriously by Muslims from the very first days of Islam, because interpretation is to understand and discover the points of the best speech, i.e. the speech of the Sublime Allāh. One of the new commentaries on Muslims' divine book is al-Tafsīr al-munīr fī al-‘aqīda wa al-sharī‘a wa al-munhaj, auth...