Let k ≥ 1 be an integer, and let G be a finite and simple graph with vertex set V (G). A signed total Italian k-dominating function (STIkDF) on a graph G is a functionf : V (G) → {−1, 1, 2} satisfying the conditions that $sum_{xin N(v)}f(x)ge k$ for each vertex v ∈ V (G), where N(v) is the neighborhood of $v$, and each vertex u with f(u)=-1 is adjacent to a vertex v with f(v)=2 or to two vertic...

Automatic methods of calculating canvas thread counts from x-rays of paintings reveal a systematic pattern for warp and weft thread densities that persists along the respective thread directions. These patterns can be used to find paintings that have matching weave patterns, with warp-thread pattern matches more prevalent than weft-thread matches when trying to associate paintings to the same c...

Mathematics and painting are interrelated in many ways. At a technical level mathematics can be used to enhance our appreciation of paintings. This was recently demonstrated beautifully by Taylor, Micolich, and Jones in their analysis of Jackson Pollock’s drip paintings, which led them to the conclusion that Pollock’s paintings are in a way Ž gurative pictures. Relations also exist at a more ba...

The visual arts have for hundreds of years presented viewers with images that have been more or less representational of the external world. In fact, many of these images have been such convincing representations of the world that they can fool the viewer into thinking that the representation is in fact reality or a photograph, and not paint on a canvas. Examples of such trompe I’oeil (fool the...

BACKGROUND The present research concerns the Roman wall paintings preserved at Insula del Centenario (IX, 8), the important Pompeian block situated in the Regio IX, along Via di Nola. RESULTS The aims of this research are two: to verify the presence of lipidic and proteinaceous material to spread the pigments, and to identify organic matter in painting materials owing to previous restoration ...

Inductive learning -- that is, learning a new concept or category by observing exemplars -- happens constantly, for example, when a baby learns a new word or a doctor classifies x-rays. What influence does the spacing of exemplars have on induction? Compared with massing, spacing enhances long-term recall, but we expected spacing to hamper induction by making the commonalities that define a con...

The diversity of painting styles represents a rich visual vocabulary for the construction of an image. The degree to which one may learn and parsimoniously capture this visual vocabulary measures our understanding of the higher level features of paintings, if not images in general. In this work we investigate the construction of a single, scalable deep network that can parsimoniously capture th...

We evaluate two competing accounts of the relationship between beauty and category structure. According to the similarity-based view, beauty arises from category structure such that central items are favored due to their increased fluency. In contrast, the theory-based view holds that people's theories of beauty shape their perceptions of categories. In the present study, subjects learned to ca...

Two paintings of older men by Rembrandt (1609-1669) are examined to demonstrate that historical attitudes toward diseases of old age and the ageing person's response to illness can be investigated in paintings. The works selected are of different genres and date from different stages of Rembrandt's own life, one from his youth and one from his old age. Both paintings show figures who have joint...

Although a great number of petroglyphs have been identified in Iran, only a few rock painting sites have been found. Despite this, a considerable number of rock paintings have been discovered in Kuh-e-Donbeh, which is a mountain located to the south-west of the city of Esfahan in central Iran. The paintings can be found on the rims of seasonal water channels on this mountain. All the depictions...