This paper describes our work exploring the suitability of formal specification methods for independent verification and validation (IV&V) of software specifications for large, safety critical systems. An IV&V contractor often has to perform rapid analysis on incomplete specifications, with no control over how those specifications are represented. Lightweight formal methods show significant pro...

Currently there is a small, but growing, literature extending analysis of the conflict-trade relationship by introducing foreign direct investment (FDI). We present a formal model that illustrates how FDI can improve international relations, as does trade. We then proceed to test the model empirically adopting three innovations: First, we employ unique bilateral FDI data instead of systemic FDI...

Monocytes and macrophages belong to the mononuclear phagocyte system play important roles in both physiological pathological processes. The cells belonging monocyte/macrophage are structurally functionally heterogeneous. Several subsets of monocytes have been previously identified mammalian blood, generating different subpopulations tissues. Although their distribution phenotype similar human c...