Many successful terrorist groups operate across international borders where different countries host different stages of terrorist operations. Often the recruits for the group come from one country or countries, while the targets of the operations are in another. Stopping such attacks is difficult because intervention in any region or route might merely shift the terrorists elsewhere. Here we p...

Background This research examines the relationship between violent conflict and childhood wasting in Northeast Nigeria, where residents have been subjected to fighting between the Nigerian government and Boko Haram - an extremist Islamist movement - since 2009. Methods Using two Demographic and Health Surveys from before and after the Boko Haram insurgency started, a double-difference (differ...

In recent years there has been a strong focus on 'Islamic radicalisation' in Europe, due both to the threat of terrorism and its security implications, and to the issue of integrating second generation migrants in Europe. This paper analyses two main approaches to studying the roots of radicalisation. The first is vertical, and involves establishing a genealogy of radicalisation from the Koran ...

Contra the often-held assumption that Islamist danger has been at forefront of Moscow’s security agenda since Soviet–Afghan War, this article shows how different Russian decision-makers held views Islamism during Tajik Civil War (1992–97). It argues relations to Soviet past, especially explain differences in assessing Tajikistan between agencies and political elites. Unlike reformers Kremlin, l...

Abstract Since the 2005 Jyllands-Posten controversy, both far right and Islamist actors have employed Muhammed cartoons to construct a radical frontier between Muslims non-Muslims. This article aims provide better understanding of linkages two opposing forms popular identification by looking at utilization crystallize multitude (conflicting) subjects, affects, demands. Following vantage point m...

This paper exposes the “roadmap” of how modern Islamist terrorism is financed, through both legitimate and illegitimate means: the networks and linkages between financing obtained on the one hand through sympathetic Islamic governments, Islamic charities and banks, seemingly legitimate businesses operating as fronts, and on the other hand through criminal activities running the full gamut from ...

This paper examines the sexual and social practices of young people in contemporary Iran. Young people in urban areas live under the rubric of a fundamentalist, Islamist regime which restricts social freedoms such as premarital heterosexual contact, homosexual encounters, dancing, alcohol consumption and large group gatherings. Drawing on close focus research and individual and group inteviews,...

The positive role that an active civil society plays in processes of democratisation is often highlighted in the literature. However, when it comes to the Middle East and North Africa, such activism is considered to be detrimental to democratisation because the predominant role is played by Islamist groups. The explanation for this rests with the perceived ‘uncivil ’ and undemocratic Islamist e...