This document provides the foundations behind the functionality provided by the ρG library 1 , focusing on the basic operations the library provides: subsumption, refinement of directed labeled graphs, and distance/similarity assessment between directed labeled graphs.

All-optical multistage interconnection networks are desirable for overcoming the limitations of optical signal regeneration in switching systems. We present a new implementation of the perfect-shuffle interconnection pattern that is coupled with an all-optical switching element, forming a complete stage of a multistage network. Switching is performed with birefringent calcite crystals and a fer...

class AbstractList { //@ model public int size; //@ in isEmpty; //@ model public boolean isEmpty; //@ public represents isEmpty <(size == 0); //@ public invariant size >= 0; //@ assignable isEmpty; //@ ensures isEmpty; abstract public void clear(); //@ assignable size; // but isEmpty is not assignable //@ ensures size <= \old(size); //@ ensures \old(size) > 0 ==> size > 0; abstract public void ...

I describe the entry process in a spatial market over an in...nite time horizon. I show that, as long as the strategy space at the location stage is unbounded, the results derived from the single-period Stackelberg model of entry coincide with those obtained in the in...nite horizon model. On the contrary, if the strategy space is bounded, then the later the follower enters, the closer to the c...