We describe and analyse the fuel protests in the UK in September and November 2000. We draw on theories of social movements to explain the success of the first of these protests and the failure of the second. We show how the loose, network forms of organisation contributed to the success in September, and the attempts to impose more formal organisations helped to cause the failure in November. ...

Abstract This paper documents the structure and operations of student governments in contemporary Chinese higher education their effect on college students’ political trust party membership. We first investigate power distribution within universities, specifically focusing autonomy degree to which they represent students. Second, using a large sample students, we examine how participating gover...

The parliamentary system in Eastern Central Europe has been known for its authoritarianism, with parliaments being subordinated to communist leadership and parties, as seen Poland. decline of democracy Poland reached peak when the conservative party was power, controlling legislative judiciary this former country. Corruption social inequality threatened modern democracy, leading protests critic...

arising of loss entitles the third party to the compensation. in this respect, more often than not, the entitlement of the third party finds its justification based on voluntary principles and sometimes based on involuntary ones. if the third party cannot find defense based on voluntary principles, he or she has to resort to involuntary ones. the possibility of multiple compensation methods cou...

place is a part of geographical space and a base for establishment of social relations. each place is unique according to its specific properties, functions and history. meanwhile, some places find symbol identity due to their especial historical events and properties and this identity would be maintained in the minds and moved to the other generations. for example azadi tower in tehran and sav...

In this paper I extend the scope of the Cognitive Linguistic Approach to Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) by incorporating Langacker’s model of Cognitive Grammar in a critical analysis of press reports of violence in two political protests. In doing so, I address issues recently raised against CDA concerning cognitive equivalence. The paper presents an analysis of the alternative conceptualisa...

This article investigates whether Turkish populism has undergone a ‘civilizational turn’ akin to what Brubaker, Haynes, Yilmaz, and Morieson have described occurring among populist parties in Europe North America. The applies Yilmaz Morieson’s definition of populism’ Turkey under the rule governing Justice Development Party (AKP) order determine party conforms this definition. how AKP, an Islam...