The article deals with the concepts of charisma and leadership in two non-Western Islamic cultures from linguistic perspective. charismatic have a long tradition studying sociology, political science psychology since M.Weber. Charisma can be defined as compelling attractiveness or charm that inspire devotion others. Cognates this Greek word are found most European languages. English leader has ...

PURPOSE To translate long form, interview-administered International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) from English to Persian and evaluate its validity, reliability and reproducibility. METHODS A forward-backward translation procedure was followed to develop the Persian version of the IPAQ. A total of 218 respondents (53.7% women, aged 22-76 yr) completed the Persian version in Tehran, ...

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine that may have critical consequences on patient's quality of life (QOL). Many disease-specific QOL tools have been developed recently. The McMaster Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) is one of them. The aim of this study was to translate the IBDQ from English to Persi...

Background: Individuals' listening styles differs based on their characters, professions and situations. This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of Listening Styles Profile- Revised (LSP- R) in Iranian students. Methods: After translating into Persian, LSP-R was employed in a sample of 240 medical and nursing Persian speaking students in Iran. Statistical analysis was performed ...

Background and aims The Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), a six-item self-report scale that is a brief and effective psychometric instrument for assessing at-risk social media addiction on the Internet. However, its psychometric properties in Persian have never been examined and no studies have applied Rasch analysis for the psychometric testing. This study aimed to verify the constr...

Background The larval stages of Gasterophilus are obligate parasites in the gastrointestinal tract of equine accountable for pathologic ulcers in the Persian onager gastrointestinal. The aim of the current report was to study the histopathological change with G. pecorum larvae in the esophagus of a Persian onager. Methods This study was performed in Iranian Zebra propagation and breeding site...

Genetic diversity of sea turtles (hawksbill turtle) was studied using sequencing of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA, D-loop region). Thirty dead embryos were collected from the Kish and Qeshm Islands in the Persian Gulf. Analysis of sequence variation over 890 bp of the mtDNA control region revealed five haplotypes among 30 individuals. This is the first time that Iranian haplotypes have been recorded...

OBJECTIVE To translate and test the reliability and validity of the 31-item epilepsy quality of life questionnaire (QOLIE-31) in Iranian epileptic patients. METHODS In order to standardize the questionnaire, using a standard "forward-backward" translation, cognitive debriefing, and cultural adaptation procedure, the English version of the QOLIE-31 was translated to Persian (the Iranian offici...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to have a linguistic validation of the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) in Iranian children with Persian language. METHODS The study included a randomly selected sample of children, aged 6-15 years, from three primary and secondary schools located in Isfahan City, Iran. Following the forward-backward translation method, parents completed the SDSC...

BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate the current status of scientific production in the field of substance use and addiction in Iran, to determine its trend and pattern during a 5 years period (2008-2012). METHODS Using relevant keywords, we searched three international databases (Web of Science, Medline, and Scopus) and two local databases (SID and Iranmedex) to locate the papers published in the...