Connor et al. (2008) mention “specifying textual requirements of genres” (p.12) as one of the reasons which have motivated researchers in the analysis of writing. Members of each genre should be able to produce and retrieve these textual requirements appropriately to be considered communicatively proficient. One of the textual requirements of genres is regularities of specific forms and content...

This paper presents some preliminary data from a study which investigates the intonation patterns of Malay speakers of English (MSEs). The study examines the MSEs’ intonation using Brazil’s [4] Discourse Intonation (DI) approach as the main method of analysis, with a view to modifying DI for this variety in view of how meaning is conveyed and understood. The spoken discourse of MSEs collected u...

The Effect of Lactobacillus Reuteri Isolated from Gastrointestinal Tract Iranian Native Poultry on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Blood Parameters and Immune Response Broiler Chickens

Metadiscourse markers help writers make coherent and reader- friendly texts, thus of considerable importance in academic writing. The main aim of this study was to investigate how interactive and interactional metadiscourse markers are used by Iranian EFL learners. An inquiry was carried out to investigate cross-cultural similarities and differences in the use of metadiscourse markers in the Di...

The use of discourse markers has been reported as one of the problems in crosscultural communication as well as one of the learning difficulties encountered by native speakers of Chinese and other Asian learners. However, sources of such difficulties or “ambiguity” have not been fully investigated or examined. Using elicited performance data produced by native speakers of Chinese and English re...

Despite the importance of interlanguage pragmatic rating (ILP) in the second language teaching and learning context, scant attention has been devoted to it. This study aims to investigate native EFL teachers’ major criteria in assessing the speech act of complaint produced by Iranian EFL learners. To fulfill this end, two groups of experienced native raters, including American (n=47) and Britis...

Uncontrolled releases of Tigris and Euphrates River waters after the 2003 war have partially restored some former marsh areas in southern Iraq, but restoration is failing in others because of high soil and water salinities. Nearly 20% of the original 15,000-square-kilometer marsh area was reflooded by March 2004, but the extent of marsh restoration is unknown. High-quality water, nonsaline soil...

Discourse audiences are susceptible to fall victims of the concealed ideological representations in discourses at the expanse of changing and modifying their mental models through which they act on the world. Translators as readers and at the same time intercultural mediators need to be equipped with the knowledge of how ideology is accommodated in discourse both not to fall victim to it and to...

metadiscourse markers help writers make coherent and reader- friendly texts, thus of considerable importance in academic writing. the main aim of this study was to investigate how interactive and interactional metadiscourse markers are used by iranian efl learners. an inquiry was carried out to investigate cross-cultural similarities and differences in the use of metadiscourse markers in the di...