In the late nineteenth century Chinese residents of Dihua (Urumqi), the desert capital of China’s Xinjiang Province, referred to the large, fortified gateway which separated the walled Chinese settlement from the walled Muslim settlement as the “gate which divides heaven from earth.” In so distancing themselves from their near neighbors, with whom they were inextricably linked through the econo...

Mosques are external load dominated buildings that characterized by their intermittent and varying occupancy schedules. Most mosques employ some form of mechanical heating/cooling system in order to maintain suitable thermal comfort conditions for the users during prayer times. Due unique spatial characteristics patterns mosques, these systems often found be energy-intensive which impacts overa...

The cabinet secretary for health appointed the interfaith council to oversee Re-opening of places worships. On 7th July 2020 released guideline which drew mixed reactions amongst Muslim clerics and mosques committees; some decided comply with guidelines re-opened their mosques; while others abstained completely from opening Mosques. aim this study is explore discuss restrictions, raised tension...

I the first weeks of the Syrian uprising that began in March 2011, religious symbols and figures rapidly emerged as important components of the movement. Allah Akbar (“God is the Greatest”) was often shouted, along with liberal slogans like “God, Syria, Freedom, and that’s it!” Certain Muslim scholars or ulama became iconic figures of the protests, and many demonstrations took place in and arou...