Enflurane was substituted for halothane in an established technique of controlled hypotension, involving beta-blockade and sympathetic ganglion blockade, for 2 groups of patients. One group was undergoing major plastic surgery and/or major maxillo-facial surgery and these patients breathed spontaneously. The other group was undergoing major neurosurgery and received intermittent positive pressu...

BACKGROUND Ephedrine, unlike phenylephrine, has a dose-related propensity to depress fetal pH during spinal anesthesia during cesarean section. A low arterial umbilical cord pH has a strong association with neonatal mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate influences of vasopressor change on Apgar scores and adverse neonatal outcomes in cesarean sectio...

OBJECTIVE The multi-national and multi-institutional collection of data on outcomes in Congenital Heart Surgery (CHS) provides the possibility of analysis of results of treatment and may result in further improvement of the quality of care. The verification of data as far as the completeness and accuracy is necessary to give confidence to all sides--the patients, centers and regulatory authorit...

RATIONALE Previous studies have shown that an increase in inspiratory pressure during nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) does not result in increased effective minute ventilation (E) due to glottic interference. STUDY OBJECTIVES To test the consequences of increases in negative pressure ventilation (NPV) on V(E). MATERIAL AND METHODS Eight healthy awake subjects underwe...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary neutrophilia characterises both the relatively transient inflammation associated with infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) and the persistent inflammation of chronic lung disease. The possibility that persistently raised markers of inflammation indicate the development of chronic lung disease in low birth weight (< 1730 g) preterm (< 31 weeks) infants was therefore i...

Nocturnal nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nIPPV) has been used successfully in the management of patients with respiratory failure due to chest wall deformity and neuromuscular disease. In order to determine if nIPPV is useful in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) complicated by respiratory failure, we treated four hypercapnic patients for up to 18 months. All patients had fai...

A V/Q lung scan was obtained in a patient with LLL collapse who was receiving IPPV and PEEP. This revealed absent ventilation and hyperperfusion to the collapsed lobe. After a reduction in PEEP from 12 to 5 cm H O, a repeat V/Q scan showed a more even distribution of pulmonary perfusion. Arterial hypoxemia improved. (Chest 1991; 99:1034-36) D espite continuing controversy regarding the most app...