Bifunctional acidic ionic liquids, having both H-imidazolium and -SO3H groups as cation moieties (H-BFAILs) and CF3SO3- as anion, were synthesized in high yields. These H-BFAILs showed significant hydrophilic properties, lower acidity and higher thermal stability relative to common ionic liquids, due to their unique structures. The (propyl or butyl-3-sulfonic) imidazolium trifluoromethane sulfo...

The antibacterial activity of a series of ionic liquids containing short-chained 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations ([Cnmim+]; n = 2, 4, 6 and 8) and bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide anion ([Tf2N]) against E. coli and B. subtilis was measured, for the first time. All ILs used in this work were synthesized and analyzed by Fourier transform i...

Composition-gradient multi-angle static light scattering (CG-MALS) is an emerging technique for the determination of intermolecular interactions via the second virial coefficient B22. With CG-MALS, detailed studies of the second virial coefficient can be carried out more accurately and effectively than with traditional methods. In addition, automated mixing, delivery and measurement enable high...

The relationship between total and ionic serum magnesium in health and chronic disease across different ethnicities has not been well studied. Accordingly, we have examined the interrelationship between total magnesium and ionic magnesium, as well as ionic calcium to ionic magnesium ratio, in 286 patients made up of indigenous and non-indigenous Australians, with or without diabetes. Significan...

Partition coefficients of 51 organic compounds in two ionic liquids (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide and trimethylhexylammonium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide, were measured using inverse gas chromatography from (322.5 to 352.5) K. These partition coefficients were converted into water-to-IL partition coefficients using the corresponding gas-to-water partition coefficients. Bo...

The recently discovered attractive force between hydrophobic surfaces is incorporated in a theory of polyelectrolyte solutions. Ita influence on the second and third virial coefficients is estimated. Binary collisions between two polyions are virtually unaffected by attractive forces of long range whereas the impact on the third virial coefficient is enormous. The theoretical coefficients are c...

This article focuses on perovskite materials for application as cathode material in solid oxide fuel cells. In order to develop new promising materials it is helpful to classify already known perovskite materials according to their properties and to identify certain tendencies. Thereby, composition-dependent structural data and materials properties are considered. Structural data under consider...

Ionic liquids such as 1,3-dialkylimidazolium salts make excellent catalysts and solvents for synthesis of dialkyl 2-(dialkoxyphosphoryl)-3-(1-oxo-1-H-phthalazin-2-yl)succinates from 2H-phthalazin-1-one, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates, and trialkyl phosphites. Under similar conditions, triphenyl phosphite led to dialkyl 2-(diphenoxyphosphoryl)-3-(1-oxo-1-H-phthalazin-2-yl)succinates. The ionic ...

A simple and mild procedure for the conversion of anilines into aryl isocyanates is described using the 3-hydroxypropylammonium acetate (HPAA) ionic liquid as a novel and efficient media has been explored in the synthesis of aryl isocyanates from the reaction of substituted urea with sodium nitrite in a water immiscible solvent. This ionic liquid can be easily recovered and reused for many time...

In this study the diffusion coefficient of neutral and cationic ferrocenyl-derivatives have been characterised in a range of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids of the general form [C(n)C(1)Im](+)[X](-). The electrochemistry of ferrocene, 1-ferrocenylmethylimidazole (FcC(1)Im), 1-ferrocenylmethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([FcC(1)C(1)Im][Tf(2)N]) and N,N,N,N-trimethylf...