BACKGROUND Studies on the effect of organizational factors on the involuntary admission of psychiatric patients have been few and yielded inconclusive results. The objective was to examine the importance of type of service-system, level of care, length of inpatient stay, gender, age, and diagnosis on rates of involuntary admission, by comparing one deinstitutionalized and one locally institutio...

BACKGROUND Involuntary weight loss is associated with higher mortality. When this weight loss is unrecognized, opportunities for timely diagnosis of significant conditions may be missed. OBJECTIVE To use electronic health record (EHR) data to estimate the frequency of unrecognized involuntary weight loss and its implications. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of the weights reco...

Since 1991, commitment to involuntary psychiatric care has been allowed in Finland for minors in broader terms than for adults. While in adults mental illness has to be diagnosable before involuntary treatment can be imposed, minors can be committed to and detained in involuntary psychiatric treatment if they suffer from "severe mental disorders", and fulfil the further commitment criteria defi...

To maximize the effectiveness of strategies for mitigating driver distraction, it is crucial to understand the factors underlying drivers’ engagement in distractions. This article describes a step toward an improved version of the Susceptibility to Driver Distraction Questionnaire (SDDQ), namely the development of an exploratory questionnaire based on findings from the original SDDQ. In this ex...

Although the nature of the relationship between attention and awareness is actively debated, the possibility that different forms of attention might interact differently with awareness has never been directly tested. We examine here whether voluntary and involuntary spatial attentions, two forms of attention that were distinguished by manipulating the predictability of central arrow cues, inter...

In Japan, a "eugenic" law permitted involuntary sterilization o f people with intellectual or mental disability from 1948 to 1996. More than 16,500 women and men were sterilized against their will. On September 16, 1997, 17 civic groups, representing women and people with disability, and dozens of interested persons demanded from the Minister o f Health and Welfare an apology, compensation, and...

Introduction: Recent studies have revealed the possibility of learning skills through alternative methods and repetitive tactile stimulation without explicit training. This study aimed to examine the effect of involuntary tactile stimulation on the memory and creativity of healthy participants. Methods: A group of 92 right-handed students participated in this study voluntarily. They were assig...

OBJECTIVE To analyse the number of voluntary and involuntary (detentions under the Mental Health Act 1983) admissions for mental disorders between 1996 and 2006 in England. DESIGN Retrospective analysis. SETTING England. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Number of voluntary and involuntary admissions for mental disorders in England's health service, number of involuntary admissions to private beds, a...