Trait-based invasiveness studies typically categorize exotic species as invasive or noninvasive, implicitly assuming form two homogenous groups. However, can become in different ways (e.g., high abundance, fast spread), likely relying on functional traits to do so. As such, binary classification may obscure associated with invasiveness. We tested whether (1) the way which is quantified influenc...

Abstract Background Glioblastoma multiforme is a highly malignant primary brain tumor with an average survival of 14 months and very limited therapeutic options. Glioma associated microglia macrophages (GAMs) foster growth by releasing several cytokines, which have only partly been identified. Here, we studied the chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 (CCL18), expressed in human, but not rodent GAMs,...

abstract background: gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world especially in iran. there are many genomic and molecular factors that cause gastric cancer to occur. also, many markers that associate with tumor invasiveness have been known.  e-cadherin is a calcium- mediated cell adhesion molecule. in some studies, abnormal expression of e-cadherin has been seen in gastric car...

background: breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, particularly in iran. there are many genomic and molecular factors that cause the occurrence of breast cancer. many markers are associated with tumor invasiveness. matrix metalloproteinase includes a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that degrade various components of the extracellular matrix and basement membrane. ...

Pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) is listed among the most invasive fish species and has been demonstrated to have adverse impact on native species when present in high numbers. However, not all introductions result in high density populations. There are several possible underlying mechanisms behind this variation in population density (e.g. water quality, availability of nesting substratum and bi...

Photosynthesis is a process that indicates the productivity of crops. The estimation this variable can be achieved through methods based on mathematical models. Mathematical models are usually classified as empirical, mechanistic, and hybrid. To mathematically model photosynthesis, it essential to know: input/output variables their units; modeling used its classification (empirical, or hybrid);...

Understanding the causes and consequences of biological invasions is a great challenge in ecology conservation biology. The ability to predict which naturalized species are likely become invasive would be step forward managing preventing invasions. goal this study test whether phylogenetically clustered subset at continental regional scales, compare phylogenetic relatedness angiosperms with res...