The development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy remains the Achilles heel of cardiac transplantation. Unfortunately, the definitions of cardiac allograft vasculopathy are diverse, and there are no uniform international standards for the nomenclature of this entity. This consensus document, commissioned by the International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation Board, is based on best evid...

Thymoma, the most common neoplasm of the anterior mediastinum, is a rare tumor of thymic epithelium that can be locally invasive. We reported 2 cases of invasive thymoma incidentally found during routine coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery at Faghihee Hospital of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences of Iran in a period of about 6 months. The 2 patients were male and above 60 years old....

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is a new robust versatile non-invasive imaging technique that can detect global and regional myocardial dysfunction, presence of myocardial ischaemia and myocardial scar tissue in one imaging session without radiation, with superb spatial and temporal resolution, inherited three-dimensional data collection and with relatively safe contrast material. The ...

BACKGROUND Accurate measures are critical when attempting to distinguish normal from pathological changes in cardiac function during exercise, yet imaging modalities have seldom been assessed against invasive exercise standards. We sought to validate a novel method of biventricular volume quantification by cardiac MRI (CMR) during maximal exercise. METHODS AND RESULTS CMR was performed on 34 ...

Cardiac involvement in various systemic conditions, such as inflammatory diseases (sarcoidosis and transplant rejection), storage diseases (amyloidosis, Fabry disease, and haemochromatosis), or cancer chemotherapy, is increasingly recognized as a key factor limiting patient survival. To guide preventive measures and therapy, early and accurate diagnosis of cardiac involvement is desired. This, ...

Anatomic variants of the remnants of the right valve of the sinus venosus in adults are common and usually observed on cardiac imaging studies. Because the anatomy and function of these vestiges are not well known, errors may occur in the differential diagnosis and treatment of patients with unclear images in the right atrium. Clinical implications may arise from (1) differential diagnosis with...

Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MPI) is a non-invasive modality with proven diagnostic and prognostic utility in coronary artery disease. We present case of Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) where MPI findings were vastly different from Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE) Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR). A 78-year-old gentleman presented atypical chest pain to rule out ischemic heart...

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is known to occur in individuals with diverse diseases. Each disease state has a specific etiology and pathophysiology, and is diagnosed and treated differently. Etiologies for SCD include cardiac arrhythmias, coronary artery disease, congenital coronary artery anomalies, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, dilated cardiomyopathy, ...

heart rate in determining the occurrence and frequency of myocardial ischemia during daily life in patients with stable coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992;20:1092–1098. 28. Ingwall JS, Weiss RG. Is the failing heart energy starved? On using chemical energy to support cardiac function. Circ Res 2004;95:135–145. 29. Chatzizisis YS, Coskun AU, Jonas M, Edelman ER, Feldman CL, Stone PH...

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is a useful non-invasive radiation-free modality for the management of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). CMR cine provides “gold standard” assessment ventricular function, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) data diagnosis and extent myocardial scar viability, while stress an established technique detection perfusion defects indicating ischemia....