Two landfill bioreactors were operated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in a thermo-insulated room at a constant temperature of 32 degrees C. Reactors were filled with 19.5 kg of shredded synthetic solid waste prepared according to the average municipal solid waste compositions determined in Istanbul and operated under wet-tomb management strategy by using leachate recirculation. Aerobic ...

A fully variable valve train significantly increases the degree of freedom control internal combustion engines. Cylinder deactivation, thermal management, alternative strategies, and minimized pumping losses are just a few examples enabled by freely adaptable intake exhaust timings. This paper presents method to achieve accurate tracking load trajectories under stoichiometric conditions. feedba...

Introduction Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MR perfusion is based on the indicator dilution theorem for non-diffusible tracers.[1,2] A common misconception is that tracer recirculation cannot occur in order to make use of the underlying theory (i.e., analysis of the tracer kinetics must be “firstpass”).[3-13] As a result, there have been a number of approaches suggested for removing trac...

The practical energy required for water dissociation reaction in bipolar membrane (BPM) is still substantially higher compared to the thermodynamic equivalent. This determined by voltage, consisting of (1) potential and (2) undesired voltage losses. Since pH gradient over BPM affects both components, this work, leveraged decrease BPM-voltage. We investigate effect four flow orientations: 1) co-...

Introduction By using the Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast (DSC) method for MR perfusion imaging, relative cerebral blood volume maps are obtained from integrating the first pass area of the local tissue concentration time curve CT(t). However, because of relatively high heart rate and fast circulation in small animal experiments, CT peak changes quickly and results in only few data points for q...

The potential for reuse of iron-rich sludge from waterworks as a replacement for commercial iron salts in wastewater treatment was investigated using acidic and anaerobic dissolution. The acidic dissolution of waterworks sludge both in sulphuric acid and acidic products such as flue gas washing water and commercial iron solution was successful in dissolving the iron from waterworks sludge. The ...

We present a bolus method of inert-gas delivery to the lungs that facilitates application of multiple inert gases and the multiple inert-gas-exchange technique (MIGET) model to noninvasive measurements of cardiac output (CO) and central mixed venous oxygen content Reduction in recirculation error is made possible by 1) replacement of sinusoidal input functions with impulse inputs and 2) replace...

A distributed model of solid waste digestion in a 1-D bioreactor with leachate recirculation and pH adjustment was developed to analyze the balance between the rates of polymer hydrolysis/acidogenesis and methanogenesis during the anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste (MSW). The model was calibrated on previously published experimental data generated in 2-L reactors filled with shredded ...

plastic recycling is the process of recovering scrap or waste plastics and reprocessing thematerial into useful products that sometimes differ completely in form from their original state. an importantissue in plastic recovery and recycling is that plastic waste usually contains a variety of plastics that differ intheir physical and chemical properties. separation of recovered plastics into dis...

Perfusion systems have the possibility to be operated continuously for several months. It is important that the performance of the cell retention device does not limit the operation time of a perfusion process used in the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and long-term stability of an acoustic perfusion process u...