We investigate the dynamics of the sine-Gordon solitons perturbed by spatiotemporal external forces. We prove the existence of internal (shape) modes of sine-Gordon solitons when they are in the presence of inhomogeneous space-dependent external forces, provided some conditions (for these forces) hold. Additional periodic timedependent forces can sustain oscillations of the soliton width. We sh...

The joints between segmental rings can withstand a certain amount of bending moment as well as axial and shear forces. Generally, in the structural analysis of tunnel segmental lining, the joints can be modeled as elastic hinges or rotational springs, and their rigidity should be demonstrated in terms of the rigidity of the joints or their rotational stiffness. Therefore, the bending moment act...

aorta is formed in a dynamic environment which gives rise to imbalances between many forces that tend to extend the diameter and length. furthermore, internal forces tend to resist this extension. impedance tomography can show this imbalance to stimulate the stenosis of aortic valve, growth of the elastic, collagen and to effectively reduce the stresses in the underlying tissue. in blood flow, ...

We present results from an independent analysis of friction that more generally addresses all crystalline materials by an extension of coincident site lattice theory and dislocation drag. Calculations for graphitic friction are carried out and agree in magnitude with experimental friction forces. More interestingly, static, dynamic and anisotropic friction forces, incommensurability effects and...

nowadays deep excavations are needed for construction of foundation of high rise buildings, providing space for parking and etc. in some cases deep excavations may be constructed in the vicinity of the subway tunnels and causes unpredicted extra displacements and internal forces in tunnel lining of tunnels which were not designed for them and consequently affect serviceability of tunnel. theref...

This paper deals with robotic grasps exhibiting viscoelastic contact interactions with the manipulated object. Such interactions are frequent in advanced robotic applications since in many cases, i.e. when a great precision is needed, elasticity cannot be neglected. This is particularly true in medical applications, as in tele-surgery or in laparoscopy, where precision is obviously basic. The c...

Active contour, or snake, is an energy minimizing spline that is useful in image boundary detection. Active contours are stimulated by internal forces, image forces and external forces which maintain the shape of the contours while attract the contours to some desired features, usually edges. Problems in implementing active contours such as convergence and initialization have motivated research...

This short article is devoted to the dynamics of controlled (and, therefore, open) systems. The internal forces, which appear only in the presence of external free controls and depend explicitely on them, are considered. Such interactive forces may be regarded as feedbacks generated in the system by the external free controls. In particular, one is able to interpret the interactive controls as ...